1. Improving smoke control and protecting lives Air Sealing Industrial, Commercial, Institutional and Multi-Family Buildings to Improve Smoke Control

2. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems? 4.How do we fix the problems? 5.What materials are used? 6.Success stories

3. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? Canam Building Envelope Specialists Consultants Trainers Contractors ZERODRAFT Weatherization materials

4. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems? 4.How do we fix the problems? 5.What materials are used? 6.Success stories

5. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Most damage, deaths and injuries result from smoke In multiple-death fires in residential high-rise buildings many fatalities occur in the egress routes (stairways and corridors) Wind and stack effect exacerbate vertical smoke spread In cold weather lower-floor fires cause the most smoke spread to upper floors

6. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Representative Canadian Residential High-Rise Fires* 1981 Toronto Hotel – fire began on 2 nd floor of 23-storey building, significant smoke spread to upper floors caused 6 fatalities 1992 Toronto Apartments – fire began on 9 th floor of 25-storey building, smoke spread to all above floors within 10 minutes and to exit stairwells causing 1 fatality 1995 Toronto Apartments – fire began on 6 th floor of 30-storey building, rapid smoke spread throughout building resulting in 6 fatalities *Fire Safety in High-Rise Apartment Buildings, Ken Richardson, Fire Technologies Inc., published by CMHC and OAA

7. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 1993 World Trade Center New York -- bombing on 3rd floor of underground parking spread to 84th floor in 12 minutes

8. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Uncontrolled and uncontrollable air leakage in and out of a building caused by…

9. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Stack effect can be strong enough to overcome exhaust fans in parking garages

10. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Wind effect

11. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Mechanical effect

12. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings Simply complying with the Fire Code does not always provide optimum fire safety Egress systems must provide sufficient evacuation time before smoke reaches lethal levels Control air leakage and you can limit smoke migration

13. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems? 4.How do we fix the problems? 5.What materials are used? 6.Success stories

14. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 3.How do we diagnose the problems? Building envelope assessment

15. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 3.How do we diagnose the problems? Building envelope assessment Depressurization testing

16. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 3.How do we diagnose the problems? Building envelope assessment Depressurization testing Locating air leakage

17. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 3.How do we diagnose the problems? Building envelope assessment Depressurization testing Locating air leakage Infrared thermography

18. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems? 4.How do we fix the problems? 5.What materials are used? 6.Success stories

19. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Assess overall building leakage Identify exit/entry points Identify air pathways inside building Prepare plan to create air barrier continuity

20. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal pathways in this order: Seal top Seal bottom Seal vertical shafts Compartmentalize Seal outside walls and openings

21. 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal top of building Roof/wall intersections Mechanical penthouse doors and walls HVAC equipment Other roof penetrations Improving smoke control and protecting lives

22. 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal top of building Roof/wall intersections

23. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal top of building Mechanical rooms

24. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal top of building HVAC equipment

25. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal top of building Other roof penetrations

26. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building Ground floor and everything below Underground parking access and receiving doors Air locks, penetrations between underground walls, holes around sprinkler hangers Exhaust and air intake vents

27. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building Soffits and ground floor access doors Pipe, duct, cable and other service penetrations into core of building Sprinkler hanger penetrations, inspection hatches and other holes Core wall to floor slab

28. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building

29. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building

30. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building

31. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building

32. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal bottom of building

33. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts Stairwell fire doors Fire hose cabinets Plumbing, electrical, cable and other penetrations in service rooms Elevator rooms, cable holes, door controller cable holes, bus bar openings

34. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts Garbage chute perimeter and access hatches Hallway pressurization grilled perimeters Smoke shaft access doors Elevator shaft smoke control grilles Service shafts

35. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts

36. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts

37. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts

38. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts

39. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal vertical shafts

40. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Compartmentalize Egress systems (stairwells and corridors) Vented mechanical rooms Garbage compactor room Emergency generator room High voltage rooms Shipping docks Elevator rooms Workshops

41. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Compartmentalize

42. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Compartmentalize

43. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal outside walls and openings Weatherstrip windows and doors, including balcony/patio doors, emergency exits and seal window trim Exhaust fans and ducting All service penetrations Baseboard heaters Electrical receptacles Baseboards

44. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal outside walls and openings

45. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal outside walls and openings

46. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? Seal outside walls and openings

47. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 4.How do we fix the problems? RECAP: Seal the pathways in this order Seal top Seal bottom Seal vertical shafts Compartmentalize Seal outside walls and openings

48. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems? 4.How do we fix the problems? 5.What materials are used? 6.Success stories

49. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 5.What materials are used? Air seal/fire stop systems ULC System Nos. SP196, SP229, SP230, SP341, SP758, and SP767

50. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 5.What materials are used? 2-component polyurethane foam insulating air seal kits Flame spread ratings of 20, smoke spread ratings of 35

51. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 5.What materials are used? 1-component polyurethane foam sealant Flame spread ratings of 20, smoke spread ratings of 35

52. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 5.What materials are used? Door and window weatherstripping and seals ASTM/E283 Standard for Airtightness Performance

53. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft? 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems? 4.How do we fix the problems? 5.What materials are used? 6.Success stories

54. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 6.Success stories Example – Forest Laneway Apartments Control smoke, odour and improve thermal comfort Compartmentalize: Seal mechanical rooms Fire stop service penetrations Decouple floors: Seal fire cabinets, garbage chutes, air supply grilles Weatherstrip fire, parking garage, doors

55. Improving smoke control and protecting lives 6.Success stories Example – B.G. Schickendanz Homes Condominium Control air migration, smoke and exhaust fumes from underground parking garage Compartmentalize: Seal 600 vertical penetrations Fire stop: 3-hour fire rating ULC FP229 and ULC FP230 approved installation of foam and mortar combination

56. Improving smoke control and protecting lives Here’s what we’ve seen today: 1.Who are Canam and Zerodraft 2.The dangers of smoke migration in high-rise buildings 3.How do we diagnose the problems 4.How do we fix the problems 5.What materials are used 6.Success stories

57. Improving smoke control and protecting lives Air Sealing Industrial, Commercial, Institutional and Multi-Family Buildings CAN improve Smoke Control and Save Lives