Africa, the Middle East and Asia during WWII Asia from WWII in Africa War in the Mandates in Middle East Asia from WWII in Africa War in the Mandates in Middle East 39-42

Asia 1930 to 1941 and then 1942 WWII

Map of Asia  Occupied by Japan: ____________  Pg 230 in book-Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Parts of China, Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), Indochina (Vietnam), Indonesia, Malaysia  Allied Advances: __________  Asterisk for Battles  Occupied by Japan: ____________  Pg 230 in book-Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Parts of China, Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), Indochina (Vietnam), Indonesia, Malaysia  Allied Advances: __________  Asterisk for Battles

Japanese Expansion in Asia  What were Japanese reasons for war and expansion into Manchuria (China)?  Big business raw materials  Exports import Great Depression  Superior race theory  What is Bushido?  Way of the warrior to die for the empire because he has no value and neither does his enemy  Rape of Nanjing 250,000 civilians slaughtered  What were Japanese reasons for war and expansion into Manchuria (China)?  Big business raw materials  Exports import Great Depression  Superior race theory  What is Bushido?  Way of the warrior to die for the empire because he has no value and neither does his enemy  Rape of Nanjing 250,000 civilians slaughtered

What was the USA’s relationship with Japan?  Threatened by mutual interests “Open Door”  Embargo 1940 on scrap iron and weapons to Japan  July 1941 embargo oil and steel  Consequences for Japanese Americans?  Threatened by mutual interests “Open Door”  Embargo 1940 on scrap iron and weapons to Japan  July 1941 embargo oil and steel  Consequences for Japanese Americans?

“A day that will live in infamy” Dec 7, 1941

Japanese Objectives WWII  Break US Embargo  End interference with conquest of China  Build Empire with raw materials and markets for exports  Break US Embargo  End interference with conquest of China  Build Empire with raw materials and markets for exports

Success for Japan 1941  Japan expands ‘41  See Map  General Macarthur  US Navy Battle of Coral Sea May 1942  June 1942 Battle of Midway  August 1942 Guadalcanal  6 months Allied Win  Turning Point against Japan  Island Hopping until Air Access to Japan  Japan expands ‘41  See Map  General Macarthur  US Navy Battle of Coral Sea May 1942  June 1942 Battle of Midway  August 1942 Guadalcanal  6 months Allied Win  Turning Point against Japan  Island Hopping until Air Access to Japan

World War II Pacific

World War II in Africa

Map in Africa  Use the map key to figure out your colors  Draw and Label the Suez Canal  Remember Affected Colonies:  French Colonies: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia  Italian Colonies: Libya, Ethiopia  British Colonies: Egypt  Use the map key to figure out your colors  Draw and Label the Suez Canal  Remember Affected Colonies:  French Colonies: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia  Italian Colonies: Libya, Ethiopia  British Colonies: Egypt

Axis Aims in North Africa  Explain Mussolini’s desire to make the Mediterranean an “Italian Lake”  Why is Egypt important to the British and the Allies?  Explain Mussolini’s desire to make the Mediterranean an “Italian Lake”  Why is Egypt important to the British and the Allies?

 Mussolini Attacks  Sept from Libya and Egypt  Oct 1940 invades Greece  Hitler must reinforce Italy and delay USSR invasion  See Animated Map See Animated Map  Mussolini Attacks  Sept from Libya and Egypt  Oct 1940 invades Greece  Hitler must reinforce Italy and delay USSR invasion  See Animated Map See Animated Map

WWII in Africa Seasaw  Why was there an increased Allied focus on North Africa?  Where would they launch an invasion of Europe?  Shipping Supplies and strategy  Increased urgency to finish the war after 1941  Debated, sabotage USSR  Who was ‘Desert Fox’  German: General Erwin Rommel  Only General named by Churchill in British Parliament  Why was there an increased Allied focus on North Africa?  Where would they launch an invasion of Europe?  Shipping Supplies and strategy  Increased urgency to finish the war after 1941  Debated, sabotage USSR  Who was ‘Desert Fox’  German: General Erwin Rommel  Only General named by Churchill in British Parliament

Battle of El Alemain  North African back and forth  July First Battle of Alemain  Allies stop Desert Fox General Rommel and Axis  October 23, 1942 Allied General Bernard Montgomery counter attacks the Axis October 23, 1942 Allied General Bernard Montgomery counter attacks the Axis  Allies push Rommel and Axis back  North African back and forth  July First Battle of Alemain  Allies stop Desert Fox General Rommel and Axis  October 23, 1942 Allied General Bernard Montgomery counter attacks the Axis October 23, 1942 Allied General Bernard Montgomery counter attacks the Axis  Allies push Rommel and Axis back

BR 1/2 Sheet (write down your answers) 1. During the interwar period, what political activity did the mandates focus on? 2. What was the effect of WWII on the Middle East? 3. EC List the 6 states of the Middle East during the interwar period 1. During the interwar period, what political activity did the mandates focus on? 2. What was the effect of WWII on the Middle East? 3. EC List the 6 states of the Middle East during the interwar period

Answers for BR  Independence, some reforms must be specific in land reform or welfare reform  Loosened the grip of Anglo-French dominance and they eventually got independence from France and Great Britain.  EC: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Iraq, and Transjordan, or Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen,  Independence, some reforms must be specific in land reform or welfare reform  Loosened the grip of Anglo-French dominance and they eventually got independence from France and Great Britain.  EC: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Iraq, and Transjordan, or Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen,

WWII in Middle East Mandates

WWII in the Middle East  1939 Britain invades Iran, occupied by USSR as well  oil, transport supplies to USSR, USA involved  Negative of development of Iran  Turkey stays out of the war as a neutral friendly to both sides declares war 1945 on Germany  1939 Britain invades Iran, occupied by USSR as well  oil, transport supplies to USSR, USA involved  Negative of development of Iran  Turkey stays out of the war as a neutral friendly to both sides declares war 1945 on Germany

WWII in ME  Iraq: Anglo Iraqi War 1941  Ruling Elite use WWII as opportunity for independence  Iraqi military grows in power  Nuri al Said vs Four Colonels and Rashid Ali  Divided elite, bitter Britain  Iraq: Anglo Iraqi War 1941  Ruling Elite use WWII as opportunity for independence  Iraqi military grows in power  Nuri al Said vs Four Colonels and Rashid Ali  Divided elite, bitter Britain

WWII ME  Egypt  Pivot of British Defense System  500,000 British and commonwealth troops passed through Egypt  Cairo was HQ for ME supplies  Shortages led to Egypt to develop manufacturing  Monarchy, parliament, Wafd all discredited  Lampson and King Faruk Feb 4, 1942= Wafdist cabinet  Egypt  Pivot of British Defense System  500,000 British and commonwealth troops passed through Egypt  Cairo was HQ for ME supplies  Shortages led to Egypt to develop manufacturing  Monarchy, parliament, Wafd all discredited  Lampson and King Faruk Feb 4, 1942= Wafdist cabinet

WWII in ME  Syria and Lebanon  French Mandates  Vichy, Germany vs Free France and GB within the mandates  GB Blockade economic hardship and hunger  De Gaulle agrees to independence  July 1941 Free France enters and takes away promise of independence  Confrontations continued  Syria and Lebanon  French Mandates  Vichy, Germany vs Free France and GB within the mandates  GB Blockade economic hardship and hunger  De Gaulle agrees to independence  July 1941 Free France enters and takes away promise of independence  Confrontations continued

WWII in ME  Saudi Arabia  Ibn Saud King, had 41 sons  GB treaty and cooperates during WWII  1933 standard oil of California aka ARAMCO not until 38, so impoverished nation  Officially neutral until 45 declared war on Germany  Palestine  You already know this GB changed policies with White Paper of 39, and then left by 47 with the mandate in chaos  Saudi Arabia  Ibn Saud King, had 41 sons  GB treaty and cooperates during WWII  1933 standard oil of California aka ARAMCO not until 38, so impoverished nation  Officially neutral until 45 declared war on Germany  Palestine  You already know this GB changed policies with White Paper of 39, and then left by 47 with the mandate in chaos

North Africa and the Middle East North Africa Middle East North Africa Middle East 43-45

Amphibious Military Technology

General Dwight D. Eisenhower commander of Anglo-American force  Why invade Algeria and Morocco?  Map: Allied offensive  Why invade Algeria and Morocco?  Map: Allied offensive

WWII In the Pacific Island Hopping Campaign British Campaigns Atomic Bomb 4. Peace with Japan and Occupation 1. Island Hopping Campaign British Campaigns Atomic Bomb 4. Peace with Japan and Occupation