Sam Houston’s Government Texas History Chapter 12

Houston Forms a Government Sam Houston: first President of Texas Texas Congress designated the city of Houston as the site of the Texas capital for three years

Texas Republic Boundaries Rio Grande River; boundary with Mexico Sabine River; eastern boundary Red River; northern boundary Texas claimed land as far as Santa Fe in the Northwest

United States Delays Annexation Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence U.S. President Jackson sent Henry Morfit to Texas. Morfit recommended against annexing Texas if it meant damaging relations with Mexico

U.S. Recognizes Texas Republic Houston worked to convince U.S. President Jackson to recognize Texas as a nation President Jackson granted official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837

European Nations Recognize TX President Houston sent J. Pinckney Henderson to negotiate treaties with France and Great Britain European countries thought they would help limit U.S. expansion by recognizing Texas as its own republic

Native American Conflicts To stop Native American raids, President Houston enlisted the help of the Texas Rangers.

Native American Conflicts Cynthia Ann Parker, a settler from Ft. Parker near present-day Groesbeck, was kidnapped by the Comanches. She became the mother of the last Comanche chief, Quanah Parker http://www.lnstar.com/mall/texasinfo/quanah.htm

Texas Debt Soars Expenditures: money paid out Revenue: money received Texas had unpaid bills for the supplies and equipment of the revolution

Texas Debt Soars Congress tried to provide revenue for the Republic by placing tariffs on imports and by imposing property and business taxes Congress did NOT place tax on personal income

Lamar Becomes President Sam Houston did not seek a 2nd consecutive term as President of the Republic of Texas Texas Constitution forbade Presidents from serving consecutive terms Mirabeau Lamar: Vice President under Houston

President Lamar Improving education was an important goal “Father of Education” in Texas

Capital of Republic City of Houston served as capital for first three years of the Republic President Lamar wanted to expand Texas westward 1839, capital moved west to village of Waterloo on the Colorado River; town renamed Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin

Native American Policy President Lamar reversed former President Houston’s policy toward Cherokee settlements in East Texas Lamar ordered the Cherokees removed from Texas

Native American Policy Council House Fight Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers to avenge the deaths during the Council House Fight

Texas Rebuilds Navy Lamar hoped Mexico would recognize Texas Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who were fighting for independence from Mexico

Santa Fe Expedition Lamar send expedition to control region and open trade Expedition suffered hardships: heat, lack of water and food, attacks by Native Americans

Financial Difficulties Indian wars were costly Increased size of Texas navy “redbacks” worth 15 cents on the dollar Texas debt rose to $7 million under Lamar

Houston Regains Presidency Mexican troops invaded Texas in response to the failed Santa Fe expedition President Houston wanted to save archives, or official documents by moving them

Archive War Government officials tried to move archives from Austin. Archives and capital remained in Austin.

Treaty of 1844 Treaty between Republic of Texas and U.S. Texas became a territory of the U.S. U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic

U.S. Considers TX Annexation Although Texas was now a U.S. territory, President John Tyler asked Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a state

U.S. President Polk James Polk became U.S. President in 1844 His election showed that most American voters wanted to annex Texas as a state

Manifest Destiny Many Americans believed that the United States would expand from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean “Manifest Destiny”

Texas Annexation 1845 joint resolution of U.S. Congress Anson Jones, last president of Texas, and Texas Congress met in special session to approve annexation Feb. 19, 1846: Texas officially became the 28th state in the U.S.

Review President Houston did not run for a 2nd consecutive term because He was a weak leader Lamar was against him Texas Constitution forbade it

Review President Houston did not run for a 2nd consecutive term because He was a weak leader Lamar was against him Texas Constitution forbade it

Review Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers to Avenge the deaths during the Council House Fight Bring about peace with Texas Prevent the encroachment of white settlers on their lands

Review Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers to Avenge the deaths during the Council House Fight Bring about peace with Texas Prevent the encroachment of white settlers on their lands

Review This U.S. President granted official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837 President Jefferson President Jackson President Lamar

Review This U.S. President granted official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837 President Jefferson President Jackson President Lamar

Review Santa Fe Expedition endured all of these hardships EXCEPT Heat Native American attacks Malaria

Review Santa Fe Expedition endured all of these hardships EXCEPT Heat Native American attacks Malaria

Review Henry Morfit’s report to President Jackson recommended Statehood for Texas Delaying recognition of Texas Texas annexation to the U.S.

Review Henry Morfit’s report to President Jackson recommended Statehood for Texas Delaying recognition of Texas Texas annexation to the U.S.

Review All of the following were provisions of the 1844 treaty EXCEPT Texas would become a U.S. state Texas would become a U.S. territory U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic of Texas

Review All of the following were provisions of the 1844 treaty EXCEPT Texas would become a U.S. state Texas would become a U.S. territory U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic of Texas

Review The last President of Texas was Anson Jones Andrew Jackson Sam Houston

Review The last President of Texas was Anson Jones Andrew Jackson Sam Houston

Review Texas Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who were Invading the United States Traveling to California Fighting for independence from Mexico

Review Texas Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who were Invading the United States Traveling to California Fighting for independence from Mexico

Review Texas Congress took all these steps to provide revenue for the republic EXCEPT Impose property and business taxes Place a tariff on various good imported into Texas Place a tax on personal income

Review Texas Congress took all these steps to provide revenue for the republic EXCEPT Impose property and business taxes Place a tariff on various good imported into Texas Place a tax on personal income

Review A major reason for delaying Texas annexation was Slavery had been abolished Texas had huge debts Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

Review A major reason for delaying Texas annexation was Slavery had been abolished Texas had huge debts Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

Review Expenditures are ________; Revenues are _____. Money received; money paid out Money paid out; money received Taxes; tariffs

Review Expenditures are ________; Revenues are _____. Money received; money paid out Money paid out; money received Taxes; tariffs

Review Who was the person who traveled to Great Britain and France to negotiate treaties? J. Pinckney Henderson Sam Houston Anson Jones

Review Who was the person who traveled to Great Britain and France to negotiate treaties? J. Pinckney Henderson Sam Houston Anson Jones

Review At the end of President Lamar’s term, the Republic’s public debt was $5 million $7 million $10 million

Review At the end of President Lamar’s term, the Republic’s public debt was $5 million $7 million $10 million

Review As a result of the Archives War, The capital remained in Austin Many people fled to San Antonio Lamar was elected President of the Republic

Review As a result of the Archives War, The capital remained in Austin Many people fled to San Antonio Lamar was elected President of the Republic

Review Improving education was an important goal for Texas president Sam Houston Mirabeau Lamar Anson Jones

Review Improving education was an important goal for Texas president Sam Houston Mirabeau Lamar Anson Jones

Review Improving education was an important goal for Texas president Sam Houston Mirabeau Lamar Anson Jones

Review To stop raids by Native Americans, President Houston enlisted the help of the Texas Rangers Texas Army Spanish

Review To stop raids by Native Americans, President Houston enlisted the help of the Texas Rangers Texas Army Spanish

Review The victory of James Polk as U.S. President in 1844 may have indicated that Texans were not interested in annexation Only Great Britain stood in the way of Texas annexation Most Americans favored the annexation of Texas

Review The victory of James Polk as U.S. President in 1844 may have indicated that Texans were not interested in annexation Only Great Britain stood in the way of Texas annexation Most Americans favored the annexation of Texas

Review The girl kidnapped from Parker’s Fort in raids by the Comanches and Kiowas was Cynthia Ann Parker Cynthia Marie Parker Cynthia Ann Jones

Review The girl kidnapped from Parker’s Fort in raids by the Comanches and Kiowas was Cynthia Ann Parker Cynthia Marie Parker Cynthia Ann Jones

Review Manifest Destiny was the belief that War with Mexico was inevitable The U.S. would expand from coast to coast Slavery was a necessary evil

Review Manifest Destiny was the belief that War with Mexico was inevitable The U.S. would expand from coast to coast Slavery was a necessary evil

Review The first President of Texas was ______; the “Father of Texas” was __________. Sam Houston; Stephen F. Austin Stephen F. Austin; Moses Austin Mirabeau Lamar; Stephen F. Austin

Review The first President of Texas was ______; the “Father of Texas” was __________. Sam Houston; Stephen F. Austin Stephen F. Austin; Moses Austin Mirabeau Lamar; Stephen F. Austin

Review This U.S. President first asked Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a U.S. state James Polk Andrew Jackson John Tyler

Review This U.S. President first asked Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a U.S. state James Polk Andrew Jackson John Tyler

Review President Lamar was pleased the capital of Texas was moved to Austin Houston San Antonio

Review President Lamar was pleased the capital of Texas was moved to Austin Houston San Antonio

Review The capital of Texas for three years was Houston Austin San Antonio

Review The capital of Texas for three years was Houston Austin San Antonio

Review Texas wanted to claim this trading center on the Upper Rio Grande River; this city was the farthest north in the Republic San Antonio San Angelo Santa Fe

Review Texas wanted to claim this trading center on the Upper Rio Grande River; this city was the farthest north in the Republic San Antonio San Angelo Santa Fe

Review Texas no longer includes this town; these boundaries are the same today as during the days of the Republic San Angelo; Red River, Brazos River, Rio Grande Santa Fe; Red River, Sabine River, Rio Grande Santa Clara; Brazos River, Canadian River, Rio Grande

Review Texas no longer includes this town; these boundaries are the same today as during the days of the Republic San Angelo; Red River, Brazos River, Rio Grande Santa Fe; Red River, Sabine River, Rio Grande Santa Clara; Brazos River, Canadian River, Rio Grande

Good Luck on the Test!!