1. Notes for Ch. 12
The Republic of Texas

2. Houston’s First Term as President
In your notebook, make a list of things Texas would need once they become independent. (Think about things you would need once you move out of your parent’s house (Flemingworld) and translate that to “Academicworld” terms.)
On the same sheet of paper (below your list) start your notes as we read Ch. 12, Section 1.
Houston’s First Term as President
Right after becoming a Republic, the Texans voted on their new government . They decided that:
Houston would be president and Lamar is vice president
Approved the Constitution of 1836
Agreed that Texas should join the United States
Capitals of the Republic 3 2
Columbia, TX
Houston , TX
December 1836 (for three years only!!!)
Austin, TX 1

3. - becoming a part of the United States
Annexation
- becoming a part of the United States
Reasons the United States did NOT want TX
U.S. didn’t want to damage relations with Mexico (MX did NOT recognize TX independence)
Slavery – at this point in history the U.S. had 13 slave states and 13 free states… Texas would throw off that balance
Recognition
(Texas’ friends/allies)
The U.S. – recognized us (became our friend/ally) in Dec. 1836
France
Great Britain
The Netherlands

4. Native American Issues
Red Tribe (Plains Indians) Problems
Native Americans were raiding Central TX (Comanche, Kiowa, Apache)
Raids decreased after Houston sent in the TX Rangers
Green Tribe (East TX Indians) Problems
Remember… Houston had lived with the Cherokee when he was younger
Houston tried to make peace with the Cherokee
Cherokee promised not to fight during the Revolution to get their land titles – Texans lied! No land titles after the war!!! 
Debt
TX Republic Debt when Houston took office - $1.25 million
Why so high? Because of the TX Revolution AND because the TX gov’t was spending (expenditures) more than it earned (revenue)
TX Republic debt after Houston’s first term as president - $2 million

5. What is the Disputed Territory?
Since Texas had been created, the border had been the NUECES RIVER
In the Treaties of Velasco, Santa Anna promised to make the RIO GRANDE the border of Texas
The area between these two rivers is called the DISPUTED TERRITORY
Why??? Because Texas said the land between the Nueces and the Rio Grande belonged to them… Mexico said that land belonged to them… therefore it was DISPUTED TERRITORY

6. Lamar Becomes President
Lamar’s Policies and Goals
Opposes annexation
Lamar thought improving education was the key to a healthy democracy in Texas
Created an endowment fund for TX public education
Lamar Chooses a New Capital
Lamar believed TX should expand west to the Pacific Ocean
Lamar chose Waterloo as the site of the new capital BECAUSE it was farther west than most other TX towns
Austin was founded in 1839
Austin in 1839 or 1841

7. Lamar and the Native Americans
Green Tribes (East TX Cherokees)
Lamar reversed anything Houston had done to make peace with the Cherokees
Lamar believed the Mexicans were trying to get the Cherokee to attack the Texans
Lamar ordered the TX army to East TX to attack the Cherokee
The Texans won, burned the villages and forced the surviving Cherokee out of Texas forever
Council House Fight
Plains Indians (Comanche, Kiowa, Apache) Problems
Comanche were still raiding TX settlements
Comanche agreed to meet with Texans in San Antonio (read pp. 277 & 278 for the story of what happened)
The Result of this Fight – More fighting AND because of what happened in San Antonio, the Comanche NEVER trusted the Texans again (they would talk with American soldiers… but NEVER Texans!!!)

8. Lamar and the Military Santa Fe Expedition Debt
Lamar thought a big, strong military would force Mexico to recognize us
This cost Texas A LOT of money
He sent the new Navy ships into Mexican waters to harass Mexican ships (when Houston gets re-elected in 1841… he recalls the TX Navy)
Santa Fe Expedition
Santa Fe was an important center for trade ($$$) between Mexico and the U.S. – Lamar wanted it
Lamar sent an “expedition” to Santa Fe in order to get control of it
The expedition went very badly and the Texans were captured and sent to a Mexican prison… most of the Texans died
Our friends, the U.S. and Great Britain, helped get the remaining TX survivors released from prison
THE RESULT OF THE SANTA FE EXPEDITION – It made Mexico really mad and cost A LOT of money
Debt
TX Republic Debt when Lamar took office - $2 million
Lamar spent A LOT of money on
Indian Wars (both Cherokee and fights after the Council House Fight)
A bigger Navy
Santa Fe Expedition
TX Republic Debt when Lamar leaves office - $7 million

9. Vasquez (MX) invades TX
Cause and Effect Events Started by the Santa Fe Expedition
Lamar’s Santa Fe Expedition CAUSED several other conflicts between TX and MX.
The EFFECTS of the Santa Fe Expedition were seen during Houston’s 2nd term in office.
Vasquez (MX) invades TX
Archives War
Santa Fe Expedition
(Lamar)
Houston’s 2nd
Houston’s 2nd
Black Bean Drawing
Woll (MX) invades TX
Mier Expedition
Houston’s 2nd
Houston’s 2nd
Houston’s 2nd

10. Houston’s Temporary Peace
Houston is Re-elected
Houston tried to reduce the debt as soon as he regained the presidency
Selling Navy ships
Cut government positions
Made the army smaller
It did not work… TX debt still increased 
Houston’s Temporary Peace
Houston was able to make peace with the Plains Indians… this peace lasted several years 
The Archives War