1. The Republic of Texas
Chapter 11

2. Presidents of the Republic of Texas
Sam Houston ( )
1st President of the Republic of Texas
Sam Houston ( )
3rd President of the Republic of Texas
Mirabeau B Lamar ( )
2nd President of the Republic of Texas
Known as the “Father of Education in Texas”
Dr Anson Jones ( )
4th and final President of the Republic of Texas
President when Texas became a state of the United States

3. Sam Houston ( )
Problems Houston faced during his first term:
Death of Stephen F Austin (Dec 27, 1836)
Annexation
Relations with Mexico
Native Americans
Finances
The Texas Capital

4. Annexation Most Texans favored annexation to the United States
Houston worked hard for annexation
United States said NO because of the issue of slavery

5. Relations with Mexico Mexico refused to recognize Texas’s Independence
Houston tried to prevent a new war by replacing the commander of the army, Felix Huston, with Albert Sidney Johnston
Huston refused to step down and challenged Johnston to a duel where he shot him
Houston solved the problem by sending all but 600 soldiers home to prevent further fighting

6. Native Americans
Houston worked to maintain peace with Native Americans
Sent Texas Rangers to protect settlers on the frontier

7. Finances Texas was in financial trouble Texas debt rose to $1 million
Spend less
Raise property taxes
More customs duties
Issue promissory notes
Texas debt rose to $1 million

8. The Texas Capital
Sam Houston moved the Texas Capital from Columbia (too small) to a new town that would be named Houston

9. Mirabeau B Lamar ( )
Lamar brings a different approach to these problems
Annexation
Relations with Mexico
Native Americans
Finances
The Texas Capital
Education

10. Annexation Lamar was against annexation
He wanted Texas to remain independent
He dreamed that one day Texas would stretch all the way to the Pacific Ocean

11. Relations with Mexico
Lamar sent the new Texas Navy to help Yucatecan rebels fight Mexico
Lamar organized the Santa Fe Expedition
Army sent to convince New Mexico that it was part of Texas
Expedition ran out of supplies and surrendered to Mexican troops
Prisoners taken to Mexico
The failure of the Santa Fe Expedition ended Lamar’s dream of expanding Texas

12. Native Americans
Lamar wanted to kill or drive all Native Americans out of Texas
Battle of the Neches: 100 Cherokees killed including Chief Bowles for not leaving their land
Council House Fight: Comanche chiefs killed when they came to peace talks in San Antonio
Battle of Plum Creek: 100 Comanches killed in ambush after a large raid on Anglo settlements

13. Finances Issued more promissory notes called “red backs”
Offered land to families moving to Texas
Debt rose to almost $7 million

14. The Texas Capital
Moved the capital to a new location on the Colorado River called Waterloo
It would later be renamed Austin in honor of Stephen F Austin

15. Education
Lamar is best known for his contributions to public education
He sat aside land in each county for public schools

16. Sam Houston ( )
Texas would again try to join the United States
Houston would work to improve relations with Native Americans
Houston would cut spending and sell the Texas Navy

17. New Problems with Mexico
Mexico invaded Texas twice during 1842 capturing San Antonio each time
Houston sent General Somervell to protect the border
Some troops disobeyed orders and attacked Mexico; this was called the Mier Expedition
The Texans were captured and some were executed in the Drawing of the Black Beans

18. The Texas Capital
Sam Houston wanted to move the capital back to Houston
Angelina Eberly and the citizens of Austin wanted the capital to stay
In the Archives War Austin residents shot at Houston’s men who came to take the state archives
The capital stayed in Austin

19. Dr Anson Jones ( )
Jones followed most of Houston’s policies including pushing for annexation
While Jones was president Texas was annexed by the United States through a joint resolution in Congress
Texas became the 28th state