Buddhism (520 BC) Founded by Siddhartha Gautama ( the Buddha) in India

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By Jazelle Campbell and Oscar Martinez Religions (600 BCE to 600 CE) By Jazelle Campbell and Oscar Martinez

Buddhism (520 BC) Founded by Siddhartha Gautama ( the Buddha) in India There are 360 million adherents They are polytheistic. They worship Theravada and Mahayana. Their life purpose is to avoid suffering and gain enlightenment. Their afterlife practice is reincarnation. Their practices are meditation, mantras, devotion to deities, and mandalas (Tibetan). The sacred text that they read is Tripitaka. Symbol of Buddhism

Confucianism (551-479 B.C.E) Confucianism was founded by Confucius in China. There are 5 to 6 million adherents of Confucianism. Their life purpose is to fulfill one’s role in society with propriety, honor and loyalty. They don’t focus on the afterlife a lot, they mainly focus on the way of life. They practice honesty, humaneness and correct role in society. The text they read is Analects. They don’t have a god that they worship. Symbol of Confucianism

Daoism (550 BCE) Daoism is also known as Taoism. Daoism was founded by Laozi (Lao Tzu). There are 20 million adherents in Daoism. They believe in Pantheism and that Tao pervades all. The Yin-Yang are opposites that make unity. Their life purpose is to have inner harmony,peace, and longevity. Their afterlife practice is to go back to the state of non- being. Their practices include having an attitude of detachment,participating in Tai-chi (the art of “going with the flow”), acupuncture and to have longevity. The sacred text that they read is Tao-te Ching. Symbol of Daoism

Daoism Influence: Medical Theories and Practices Chinese medical theories were invented before writing (founded in 1766 during the Shang Dynasty) One of the oldest and most famous theories is acupuncture. This started in the Stone Age where sharp stone tools were used to relieve pain. For example acupuncture was used for when a soldier was shot during a battle and for when sore spots appeared from diseases. They also use meditation as a healing process. The art of Tai-chi was discovered when Monks noticed that energy moved in different places in their body when they did this. Another famous theorie still used today is applying heat to sore spots as a result pain is relieved.

Christianity (33 CE) Founded by Jesus Christ in 33 CE in Palestine. There are 2.1 billion adherents in Christianity. They are monotheistic. The god they worship is God (Trinity) The sacred text they read is the Bible. Their life purpose is to love and serve God. They believe in the afterlife which is Heaven to Christians. The practices they have are prayers, devotion. The Symbol of Christianity

Greco- Roman Philosophy Greco-Roman developed by taking ideas from both Minoan (3000-1000 BCE) and the Mycenaean (2000-1100 BCE). All Greek and Roman citizens were adherents to the religion; however as time went on the religion slowly disappeared because people started to look more towards the philosophy for answers. They believed in rationality and reasoning and the nature of the cosmos that doesn’t include supernatural beings. They are polytheistic, so they believe in the pantheon which is the group of the main twelve gods. The main god that they worship is Zeus. The philosophy text that they read is Plato’s The Republic. Their practices include daily prayer and ritual sacrifices. Religious text (Illiad) ( No real symbol)

Citations "Greco-Roman Religion and Philosophy." World Religions Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, et al. Vol. 1: Almanac. Detroit: UXL, 2007. 207-238. Student Resources in Context. Web. 13 Oct. 2014. “Christianity Worship and Devotion in Daily Life.” http://www.patheos.com/Library/Christianity/Historical-Development/Early-Developments.html. Beth Davies-Stofka. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. “Confucianism.” http://people.opposingviews.com/god-confucianism-4082.html. E. Anne Hunter. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. “Daoism ( Taoism).” http://www.patheos.com/Library/Taoism.html. Julia Hardy. Web. 14 Oct. 2014. "Traditional Chinese Medicine." http://www.sacredlotus.com/theory/origins.cfn. Sacred Lotus Arts. TMC News, n.d. Web. 2014.