LIBERATION, SEPARATION, EXTRACTION STAGE 1 - Blasting STAGE 2 - Primary Crushing STAGE 3 - Secondary Crushing STAGE 4 - Grinding STAGE 5 - Separation by size STAGE 6 - Separation by values STAGE 7 - Extraction of values

What is an Ore? Mineralized rock that can be mined/processed At a time (temporal) At a place (spatial) At a profit (economic) Waste rock can become an ore Tailings can become an ore

Drilling and Blasting Create a top size suitable for transportation Begin the process of Liberation Factors Drill hole diameter Drill hole spacing and pattern Explosive type Delay system

Drilling and Blasting

Influence of Blasting Practices S. Morrell and W. Valery, 2001. “Influence of Feed Size on AG/SAG Mill Performance”. SAG 2001, Vancouver, Canada, pp203-214 Morrell, S., 2003. “The Influence of Feed Size on Autogenous and Semiautogenous Grinding and the Role of Blasting in its Manipulation”, Proc. 22nd International Mineral Processing Congress, Eds.: L.Lorenzen and D.J. Bradshaw, p.526-533.

Influence of Blasting Practices S. Morrell and W. Valery, 2001. “Influence of Feed Size on AG/SAG Mill Performance”. SAG 2001, Vancouver, Canada, pp203-214 Morrell, S., 2003. “The Influence of Feed Size on Autogenous and Semiautogenous Grinding and the Role of Blasting in its Manipulation”, Proc. 22nd International Mineral Processing Congress, Eds.: L.Lorenzen and D.J. Bradshaw, p.526-533.

Order of Processing Blasting Primary Crushing Secondary Crushing Grinding Regrinding

Crushing Machines

Crushing Machines

HPGR – high-pressure grinding rolls

High-Pressure Grinding Rolls

Jaw Crusher

Gyratory Crusher

Symons Cone Crusher

Cone Crusher Liners

Vibrating Screen

Secondary Crushing Plant

Alternate Secondary Crushing Plant Design

Open Circuit Crushing

Grinding Mills

Grinding Mills Rod Mill – opened up for maintenance Ball Mill – overflow type

Conical Ball-Mill

Grinding Mills Bingham Canyon Grinding Mills

Tube Mill

Rod-Mill Central Peripheral Discharge

Rod-Mill End Peripheral Discharge

Rod-Mill Overflow Discharge

Grinding and Cyanide Leaching Musslewhite Mine, Ontario

Cyclo-Paks

Spiral and Rake Classifiers

Rake Classifier

Rake Classifier

Spiral Classifiers

Cyclone and Particle Recovery

Size Distribution of Soils

Size Distribution Curves

Bimodal Size Distribution

Hydrocyclone

Separator Partition Curves

Stoke’s Law

ABC Grinding Circuit

Bond Work Index Formula

Size Ranges in Separators

Electronic Sorting

Electrostatic Separation

Cross-Belt Magnetic Separator

Drum Magnetic Separator

2-stage Drum Magnetic Separator

Pinched Sluice

Riffles in a Sluice

Humphrey Spiral – iron ore

Particle Distribution in Spiral Trough

Reichert Cone separator

Fluid (pulp) Flow in a Cone Separator

Shaking Table

Statification on a Shaking Table

Gold on a Shaking Table

Jigging - stratification

Centrifugal Concentrator – the Falcon

Flotation Cell

Flotation Cell Agitator Design

Flotation Cell - Rotors

Separation Circuit

Copper Flotation Circuit

Downstream Processing Copper Oxide copper treatment

Heap Leach Operation Installing a Plastic Membrane Liner

Zaldivar Copper Heap Leach

Copper – Downstream Processing Kidd-Creek Smelter flowsheet

Copper Ores – Concentrating Simplest Copper Flotation Circuit

Copper Ores – Concentrating Copper/Gold Flotation Circuit

Copper/Moly Ores – Concentrating Copper/Moly Flotation Circuit

Copper Ores – Concentrating Multiple Sulfide Differential Flotation Circuit

Copper Ores – Concentrating Mixed Oxide/Sulfide Copper Flotation Circuit

Copper Ores – Concentrating Copper Oxide Processing to final metal

Copper Ores – Concentrating Copper Oxide Processing - LPF

Copper Ores – Concentrating T.O.R.C.O. Processing of Copper Ores

Copper Anode Casting Wheel

Thickener - tailings

Thickeners - zones

Thickener – Area Calculation where A = thickener area (m2) W = dry solids mass flow (tph) F = liquid:solid ratio of feed D = liquid:solid ratio of discharge R = settling rate (m/hr) S = liquid S.G. (kg/L)

Marine Tailing Disposal

Drum Filters

Disk Filter

Pressure Filter - Larox

Rotary Dryers

Rotary Kiln

Mill Control Room Carlin Mine, Nevada

Questions?

Dissolution of Gold in Cyanide Elsner's Equation

Precipitation of Au from Solution

Downstream Processing Gold processing options

Downstream Processing Nickel Typical Mine/Mill Treatment

Downstream Processing Nickel Matte Separation processing

Downstream Processing Uranium Ore processing

Downstream Processing Coal processing

Downstream Processing Coal processing

Downstream Processing Coal processing

Downstream Processing Coal processing

Downstream Processing Coal processing