1. WEEE and batteries traitment in France
Service Produits et Efficacité Matière
Direction Economie Circulaire et Déchets 1

2. Large household appliances – non cold
90 treatment plants in France, t in 2015 (household WEEE)
Panel heaters
Stoves
Ovens
Dishwashers
Washing machines, dryers
Hobs
Extractor hoods …
, dryers
Source : Eco-Systèmes
20/02/14 2 2

3. Treatment of large household appliances – non cold
Technology “Type A”: dedicated plant
Additional shredding and/or downstream sorting (optical sorting, flotation)
(not necessarily in the same plant)
Manual de-pollution:
extraction of pollutants and specific components: concrete blocks, capacitors, wires, electronic cards, electric motors, waste
Feeding in a smasher : too voluminous appliances or appliances that don’t require de-pollution are treated in ELV shredders
Ferrous metal
Mix of non-
ferrous metals
+ plastics
Concrete
Capacitors
Cards
Motors
Wires
Source : Eco-Systèmes

4. Treatment of large household appliances – non cold
Technology “Type B”: ELV shredder
Flotation, sorting of the mix of non-ferrous metals and plastics
Pre-shredding de-pollution: extraction of capacitors, wires and some of the concrete blocks
Shredding
Magnetic sorting and manual extraction of electric motors
Heavy metals (copper, brass…)
Mineral fraction
Plastics
Stainless steel, iron, motors
Source : Eco-Systèmes

5. Large household appliances – cold
52 treatment plants in France, t in 2015 (household WEEE)
Panel heaters
Stoves
Fridges
Freezers
Wine cellars
Air-conditioning units
Heat pumps …
Hobs
Extractor hoods
Source : Eco-Systèmes
20/02/14 5 5

6. Treatment of large household appliances – cold
PUR foams
Sorting and partial dismantling at reception:
Waste (light bulb, wood, rubber)
Glass (shelves)
Ferrous metal (shelves), non-ferrous (wire)
De-pollution (capacitors, mercury contactor)
Others: Sorting
« Phase 2 » : shredding under inert atmosphere, suction of the gas in the insulation foams
« Phase 1 » de-pollution :
Cooling fluids (gas, compressor oil)
Ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals,
plastics
Source : Eco-Systèmes 6

7. Small household appliances
92 treatment plants in France, t in 2015 (household WEEE)
Panel heaters
Stoves
IT (hard disks, printers, scanners, PC, CPU, …)
Wires, plug adaptor
Small domestic electrical (toasters, blenders, microwave ovens, weighing scales, coffee makers, vacuum cleaners, …)
Electronics (camera, GPS, remote control, Hi-Fi, DVD player,…)
Phones
Toys
Tools (DIY, gardening) ….
Hobs
Extractor hoods …
Source : Eco-Systèmes
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8. Treatment of small household appliances (SHA)
Magnetic sorting of ferrous metals, Eddy currents sorting of non-ferrous metals, , recovery of plastics
De-polluted SHA treatment in an
smasher
Manual extraction of residual pollutants and electric motors
Mix of shredded plastics
Non-ferrous
Ferrous
Extraction of pollutants and specific components: batteries, capacitors, ink cartridges and toners, vacuum cleaner bags, oils
Batteries, capacitors, motors
Source : Eco-Systèmes

9. Screens
76 treatment plants in France, t in 2015 (household WEEE)
Panel heaters
Stoves
Monitors
Notebooks
Displays
Tablet computer (> 7 inches)
Televisions …
Extractor hoods
Source : Eco-Systèmes
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10. Technology “Type A”: manual dismantling (LCD)
Treatment of screens
Technology “Type A”: manual dismantling (LCD)
Key-step of the process: mercury backlight extraction and suction of potential leaks
Electronic components dismantling
Manual dismantling of the plastic housing
Manual extraction of backlight tubes
Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
Backlight mercury tubes
LCD panels
Source : Eco-Systèmes

11. Manual dismantling of the plastic housing
Treatment of screens
Technology “Type A”: manual dismantling (plasma)
Manual dismantling of the plastic housing
Electronic components dismantling
Glass
Plastics
Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
Source : Eco-Systèmes

12. Mercury suction with activated carbon filters
Treatment of screens
Technology “Type B”: shredding (LCD, plasma)
Key-steps of the process: complete suction of the backlight tubes mercury, and then concentration into a single fraction
Panel shredding
Manual dismantling
Flotation sorting
Stand
Wires
Mix metals/ plastics
Mercury suction with activated carbon filters
Fluff
Ferrous
metals
Plastics
Non-ferrous
metals
Source : Eco-Systèmes

13. Technology “Type C”: mechanically-assisted dismantling
Treatment of screens
Technology “Type C”: mechanically-assisted dismantling
Processes under development/industrial implementation, to allow fast-opening or fast-cutting of the screens and extraction of the components
Source : Eco-Systèmes

14. Batteries and accumulators treatment plants in France
Source : ADEME

15. Batteries and accumulators treatment plants in France
Source : ADEME

16. Batteries and accumulators treatment process in France
Distillation : button cells first undergo cryogenic grinding in liquid nitrogen in order to avoid the vaporization of mercury . The resulting amalgam is then subjected to distillation.
Source : ADEME

17. Batteries and accumulators treatment process in France
Hydrometallurgy : after a stage crushing and separation of ferrous compounds , non-ferrous and paper / plastics, non-ferrous fraction (black- mass ) is subjected to a chemical acid treatment to separate the elements (leaching , purification, precipitation selective) .
Source : ADEME

18. Batteries and accumulators treatment process in France
Pyrometallurgy : waste batteries and accumulators are introduced into a furnace that will allow separating metals by condensation (due to different evaporation temperatures of metals ) and density difference .
Source : ADEME