NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Things to Know for Did not have classical antiquity as inspiration More of an extension of Gothic art Interest in symbolism Also interested in observing nature Women painters have higher status Should not be considered an appendage to Italian art. But, Italian influence was strong. Painting in OIL, developed in Flanders, was widely adopted in Italy. The differences between the two cultures: ITALY  change was inspired by humanism with its emphasis on the revival of the values of classical antiquity. NORTHERN EUROPE  change was driven by religious reform, the return to Christian values, and the revolt against the authority of the Church. More princes & kings were patrons of artists.

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Things to Know for The continuation of late medieval attention to details. Tendency toward realism & naturalism [less emphasis on the “classical ideal”]. Interest in landscapes. More emphasis on middle-class and peasant life. Details of domestic interiors. Great skill in portraiture.

Tres Riches Heures (Very Rich Hours) 1413-1416 Les Tres Riches Heures The Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry or simply the Très Riches Heures (The Very Rich Hours of the Duke of Berry) is a richly decorated Book of Hours (containing prayers to be said by the faithful at each of the canonical hours of the day) commissioned by Jean, Duke of Berry, around 1410. It illustrates the various seasonal tasks throughout the various months. Limbourg Brothers Tres Riches Heures (Very Rich Hours) 1413-1416

September Harvesting grapes December Wild boar hunt

(featured on January’s page) Jean, Duke de Berry (featured on January’s page)

Melchior Broederlam Annunciation and Visitation and Presentation and Flight into Egypt, 1399.

Petrus Christus A Goldsmith in his Shop 1449

Jan Van Eyck, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, 1434. Petrus Christus, A Goldsmith in His Shop, 1449

Dirck Bouts Virgin and Child 1455

Fifteenth-Century Flemish Dirk Bouts Last Supper (center panel of the Altarpiece of the Holy Sacrament), St. Peter’s Louvain, Belgium. 1464-1468 This painting is the first northern one to used a single vanishing point for constructing an interior and he adjusts figures’ scale to correspond to the space they occupy. The perspective isn’t perfect however. The windows and side rooms do not adhere to the rules of linear perspective. It was the first Flemish panel painting depicting this event. He didn’t focus on the biblical narrative itself but instead presented Christ in the role of a priest performing a ritual from the liturgy of the Christian Church. This contrasts sharply with other Last supper depictions. The people depicted are most like portraits of the confraternity’s members responsible for commissioning the altarpiece.

Hugo van der Goes Portinari Altarpiece 1474

Hugo van der Goes, Portinari Altarpiece, 1474-76.

Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove Hans Memling Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove 1487

Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove Hans Memling Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove 1487

Pop Quiz! Giotto, The Visitation Arena Chapel, 1305. LATE GOTHIC

Guess That NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Piece!

Limbourg Brothers Tres Riches Heures (Very Rich Hours) 1413-1416

Jan Van Eyck, Ghent Altarpiece (open), 1432 EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Jan Van Eyck Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride 1434 EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Jan van Eyck Man in a Red Turban 1433, Oil on wood EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Rogier Van Der Weyden, Deposition, 1435. EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Jan van Eyck, The Annunciation, 1434. EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Petrus Christus A Goldsmith in His Shop, 1449. EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Rogier Van Der Weyden Portrait of a Lady 1460 EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Hugo van der Goes, Portinari Altarpiece (open) 1474-76. EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Robert Campin, Merode Altarpiece(open),1425 EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Jan Van Eyck, Ghent Altarpiece (closed), 1432 EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Giotto Madonna Enthroned ca. 1310. LATE GOTHIC / PROTO-RENAISSANCE

Robert Campin, Merode Altarpiece(open),1425 EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Chartres Cathedral 1134-1220 HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC South Tower,1160 North Spire, 1506-1513

Duccio, “Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints” Principle panel of the Maesta alterpiece, from the Siena Cathedra, Siena, Italy, 1308-1311 Tempra on wood panel LATE GOTHIC / PROTO-RENAISSANCE

Augustus of Primaporta, Early 1st Century BCE REPUBLIC ROME

Duccio, The Arrest of Jesus, (detail from back of the Maesta altarpiece). Siena, Italy. 1309-1311 LATE GOTHIC / PROTO-RENAISSANCE

Dying Gaul Pergamon, Turkey ca. 230-220 BC HELLENISTIC PERIOD

Giotto Lamentation, ca. 1305 Arena Chapel, Padua, Italy LATE GOTHIC / PROTO-RENAISSANCE

Spoils of Jerusalem, relief panel from the Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, after A.D. 81 EARLY EMPIRE ROMAN

Rome, Italy A.D. 312-315 LATE EMPIRE ROMAN Arch of Constantine Rome, Italy A.D. 312-315 LATE EMPIRE ROMAN

Emperor Justinian and his Attendants, Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, c547.

Pantheon, Rome, Italy. 125-128 AD HIGH EMPIRE ROMAN