DEMOCRACY By: Beatriz Marín Sánchez Beatriz Vidal López Alberto Roca Blaya

The democracy What minds this words? Democracy is a political government carried out either directly by the people (direct democracy) or by means of elected representatives of the people (Representative democracy). The term is derived from the Greek "rule of the people" which was coined from "people" and "power", in the middle of the fifth-fourth century BC to denote the political systems then existing in some Greek city-states, notably Athens following a popular uprising in 508 BC. Even though there is no specific, universally accepted definition of 'democracy', there are two principles that any definition of democracy includes: equality and freedom.

The democracy in my country How is the democracy of our country? Spain is a democratic country. The democracy began is Spain with the dead of Francisco Franco on the 20 November 1975, the accession of King Juan Carlos I to the throne and the establishment of the parliamentary monarchy. In 1978, the current Spanish Constitution of 1978 was signed and the status of Spain's Autonomous Regions was defined.

The Different Sistems Of Govern There are two different sistems of govern: -Democratic -Antidemocratic

Sistems of Govern Antidemocratic Anarchy: Anarchists are those who advocate the absence of the state, arguing that common sense would allow people to come together in agreement to form a functional society allowing for the participants to freely develop their own sense of morality, ethics or principled behaviour. The rise of anarchism as a philosophical movement occurred in the mid 19th century, with its idea of freedom as being based upon political and economic self-rule. This occurred alongside the rise of the nation-state and large-scale industrial state capitalism or state-sponsored corporatism, and the political corruption that came with their successes. There are some communities anarchic: -Icelandic Commonwealth - Gaelic Ireland -The Free Territory, Ukraine (January 1919 – August 1921) -Anarchist Catalonia, Spain, (July 21, 1936 – June 14, 1937)

Fascism:Fascism: Is a radical and authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to organize a nation on corporatist perspectives; values; and systems such as the political system and the economy. Scholars generally consider fascism to be on the far right of the conventional left-right political spectrum, although some scholars claim that fascism has been influenced by both the left and the right. There was country fascist like: - Germany (Hitler, the nazism) -Italy (Mussolini) -Brazil (Plinio Salgado, the Brazilian Integralism) -Spain (Franco, the falangism) -Romania (Iron Guard)

CommunismCommunism: A communist state is a sovereign state with a form of government characterized by single-party rule or dominant-party rule of a communist party and a professed allegiance to a communist ideology as the guiding principle of the state. Communist states may have several legal political parties, but the communist party is usually granted a special or dominant role in government, often by statute or under the constitution. Consequently, the institutions of the state and of the communist party become intimately entwined, such as in the development of parallel institutions. There are communist countries like: -Cuba -Russia -China

Sistems of Gover Democratic Direct democracy Direct democracy, classically termed pure democracy, is a form of democracy and a theory of civics in which sovereignty is lodged in the assembly of all citizens who choose to participate. Depending on the particular system, this assembly might pass executive motions, make laws, elect or dismiss officials, and conduct trials. Direct democracy stands in contrast to representative democracy, where sovereignty is exercised by a subset of the people, usually on the basis of election. Deliberative democracy incorporates elements of both direct democracy and representative democracy. There are coutries with direct democracy like Switzerland

Representative democracyRepresentative democracy Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to either autocracy or direct democracy. The representatives form an independent ruling body (for an election period) charged with the responsibility of acting in the people's interest, but not as their proxy representatives; that is, not necessarily always according to their wishes, but with enough authority to exercise swift and resolute initiative in the face of changing circumstances. It is often contrasted with direct democracy, where representatives are absent or are limited in power as proxy representatives. There are countries with representative democracy like UK or Australia

Consensus democracyConsensus democracy Consensus democracy is the application of consensus decision making to the process of legislation in a democracy. It is characterised by a decision- making structure which involves and takes into account as broad a range of opinions as possible, as opposed to systems where minority opinions can potentially be ignored by vote-winning majorities. Consensus democracy also features increased citizen participation both in determining the political agenda and in the decision making process itself. Some have pointed to developments in information and communication technology as potential facilitators of such systems.

The Democracy In Spain The death of Franco elevated Don Juan Carlos de Borbón to the throne. Until Franco’s death, Juan Carlos had remained in the background and seemed to follow the dictator’s plans of appointing him his successor as Head of State and later King of Spain. Once in power as king, Juan Carlos facilitated the development of the current political system, as his father, Don Juan de Borbón, had advocated since The transition was an ambitious plan that counted on ample support both within and outside of Spain. The Western governments, headed by the United States, now favored a Spanish constitutional monarchy, as did many Spanish and international capitalists. Nevertheless, the transition proved challenging, as the spectre of the Civil War ( ) still haunted Spain. Francoists on the extreme right enjoyed considerable support within the Spanish Army, and people of the left distrusted a king who owed his position to Franco. The realization of the democratic project required that the leftist opposition restrain its own most radical elements from provocation, and that the army refrain from intervening in the political process on behalf of Francoist elements within the existing government. Juan Carlos began his reign without leaving the confines of Franco's legal system.

As such, he swore fidelity to the Principles of the Movimiento Nacional, the sole legal party of the Franco era; took possession of the crown before the Francoist Cortes Generales; and respected the Ley Orgánica del Estado (Organic Law of the State) for the appointment of his first head of government. Only in his speech before the Cortes did he indicate his support for a transformation of the Spanish political system. THE MOST IMPORTANT DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS -The king -Power legislative -Power executive -Power judiciary -The parliament -Government: composed for first minister and other ministres -Judges

The Democracy in Europe This history traces the development of democracy in Europe from its origins in ancient Greece up to the present day. Considers all the major watersheds in the development of democracy in modern Europe. Describes the rediscovery of Ancient Greek political ideals by intellectuals at the end of the eighteenth century. Examines the twenty-year crisis from 1789 to 1815, when the repercussions of revolution in France were felt across the European continent. Explains how events in France led to the explosion of democratic movements between 1830 and Compares the different manifestations of democracy within Eastern and Western Europe during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Considers fascism and its consequences for democracy in Europe during the twentieth century. Demonstrates how in the recent past democracy itself has become the object of ideological battles.

The most important democratic institutions in Europe The most important institutions of Europe are: - The European cabinet meeting. - The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. - The European commission - The European Parliament - The European Court of Justice - The European Ombudsman