 Great Britain –Castlereagh  Austria - Metternich  Prussia – Hardenberg  Russia – Tsar Alexander I  France - Talleyrand

EEnsure France would not become an aggressor RRestore the “balance of power” TThe principle of compensation TThe principle of legitimacy VVictors expected to be rewarded

 The Principle of Legitimacy  Bourbon French Throne  Bourbon Spanish Throne  Legitimate princely rulers – Italy  German Confederation – 39 German States  Compromised over Territorial Settlement

Polish Territory Retained Finland

2/5 of Saxony Swedish Pomerania Territory in the Rhineland in Western Germany

Austrian Netherlands (BELGIUM)

Lost Belgium Gained Lombardy and Venetia Relatives of Austrian emperor ruled Parma, Modena, and Tuscany Dominated German Confederation

Colonial Possessions From Dutch Cape of Good Hope Island of Ceylon From French Trinidad and Tobago Helgoland Malta

France reduced to the borders of 1790 French had to pay 700 million francs to the allies Allied military occupation of 17 French forts for 5 years

RUSSIA PRUSSIA AUSTRIA

GREAT BRITAIN RUSSIA AUSTRIA PRUSSIA

Goal was to maintain Balance of Power The Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle The Congresses of Troppau and Laibach The Congress of Verona Opposition to Monroe Doctrine