(Harris, 2001, p.96)

What is Plagiarism? Taking credit for work that isn’t your own! Simply stated, “It is cheating and dishonest”

Plagiarism is… A breach of the Holland College Code of Conduct for Learners!! Consequences may range from…  Formal warning  Probation  Suspension, or  Dismissal

Plagiarism includes…  Copying an entire paper and claiming it as your own  Copying part of a paper and claiming it as your own  Copying information from a source and passing it off as your own  Cutting and pasting from the web or any other electronic resource and passing it off as your own

Accident or Not It’s Still Plagiarism When…  Copying text word for word and failing to put quotation marks around it even if you cite it  Inaccurately quoting a source  Omitting in-text citations even though the source is cited on the works cited page  Failing to include the citation on the works cited page

Tools to Avoid Plagiarism Public domain image used with permission from karenswhimsy.com.

How do I Avoid It?  Use your own words and ideas  Give credit for direct quotes using quotation marks and citing the source  Give credit for websites, photos, diagrams, graphics, multimedia  Paraphrases, restating the author’s words or ideas in your own words, must be cited

To Cite or Not to Cite ? (Harris, 2001, p. 155)

Cite unless it’s….  Proverbs or sayings e.g., Beggars can’t be choosers  Common knowledge (can find a fact in several sources) e.g., Sir John A. Macdonald was the first prime minister of Canada. When in Doubt ….. CITE IT!!

Sources to cite  Books  Journal Articles  Web Sites  Government Documents  Statistics  Images  Video recordings  Interviews 

Question 1 a)Yes, it’s plagiarism b)No, it isn’t c)Don’t know It’s the night before your paper is due, and you haven’t done any work. You buy a paper from an online paper mill and hand it in as your own. Is this plagiarism?

Question 2 a)Yes, it’s plagiarism b)No, it isn’t c)Don’t know You use the saying What happens in Vegas stays in Vegas in an essay you’ve written about gambling. You do not put quotes around it, nor do you cite it. Is this plagiarism?

Question 3 a)Yes, it’s plagiarism b)No, it isn’t c)Don’t know You find a great idea in an article, so you use it in your paper. You don’t bother to cite the source of the idea because you’ve expressed it in your own words. Is this plagiarism?

Let us Focus on Details  Detail from The Charioteer at Delphi Museum, Greece

Quotations  Double quotation marks around short quotations (<40 words).  Longer quotations (>40 words) block indent and omit quotation marks.  Changing quotations, i.e., omitting text (…) or inserting text ([ ])

Short Quotation (<40 words) “An honor code usually consists of a signed statement in which students promise not to cheat and not to tolerate those who do” (Harris, 2001, p. 117).

Long Quotation (>40 words) Athletes are searching for anything that will make them more competitive including nutritional supplements, such as vitamins, energy bars and drinks that may compensate for dietary deficiencies, and over-the-counter products like shark cartilage and amino acids, which purport to increase muscle mass, boost energy and endurance, prompt weight gain (or loss), or reduce recovery time between workouts. (Jollimore, 2004, p. 54)

Adding Text to a Quotation ( [ ] ) “Most American journalists are holed up in their rooms [in Baghdad], reporting the war by remote: scanning the wires, working their cell phones, watching broadcasts of Al Jazeera” (Reitman, 2004, p. 110).

Omitting Text from a Quotation (…) “Canada supports sustainable development activities, including responsible hydrocarbon exploration and development, in habitats that are not critical to wildlife.” “Canada Supports sustainable development activities … in habitats that are not critical to wildlife” (Anderson, 2001). What is missing here?

In-Text Citation (APA Style) It has been suggested that “For all the progress athletes are making in eating well, many continue to rely on risky dietary supplements, which are often tainted by banned substances such as nandrolone” (Jollimore, 2004, p. 54). OR

In-Text Citation (APA Style) Jollimore (2004) states that “For all the progress athletes are making in eating well, many continue to rely on risky dietary supplements, which are often tainted by banned substances such as nandrolone” (p. 54).

Paraphrasing  Restating the author’s ideas into your own words  Need to do more than just change a word or two

Paraphrasing Original text: “Admissions officers agree that whatever the topic, everything rests in the execution. They look for a thoughtful, revelatory essay that enhances the rest of a student’s application” (Flora, 2004, p.24). Sample Paraphrase: A students’ application for admission is based on many things, one being a creative and unique essay (Flora, 2004).

But what does this all mean?

Essay Development What purpose are you trying to achieve?  Describe something  Explain something  Persuade the reader  Support a certain point of view Example (Explain): “Animal symbolism in Inuit art”

Create an Outline  History of Inuit art  Contemporary Inuit artists  Media of Inuit art  Sculpture (soap stone)  Prints (stencils, lithographs etc.)  Walrus and whale bones  Animal Symbols used in Inuit art and their meanings  The dancing polar bear  The seal  The goose

Create an Outline  History of Inuit art  Contemporary Inuit artists  Media of Inuit art  Sculpture (soap stone)  Prints (stencils, lithographs etc.)  Walrus and whale bones  Animal Symbols used in Inuit art and their meanings  The dancing polar bear  The seal  The goose

Citation Example The Inuit believe that they return as animals after they have shaken off their human mortal coil. Thus, when you see images of dancing bears in Inuit art, this represents Inuit souls who have returned as polar bears and the dancing represents joy and fun (INUIT.NET, 2005). INUIT.NET. (2005). About polar bears. Retrieved October 25, 2012, from

Reference List  Acknowledges all the sources you have cited in your project  Organized in alphabetical order  Strictly follows citation style format (APA, MLA... )

References Anderson, D. (2001, August 3). Statement by Environment Minister David Anderson on Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Retrieved July 24, 2004, from Blicq, R. (2001). Guidelines for report writing. Toronto: Pearson Education Canada. Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., & Williams, J. M. (1995). The craft of research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Harris, R. (2001). The plagiarism handbook. Los Angeles: Pyrczak. Health Canada. (2004). West Nile virus. Retrieved July 19, 2004, from Jollimore, M. (2004, June 21). Fuel’s gold: Why Canada’s athletes pay so much attention to what they eat. Time, 163(25), Reitman, J. (2004). The Baghdad follies. Rolling Stone, 952/953,

More Details!  Corinthian capital, Hadrian's Library, Athens

Capitalization Rules  Title of a journal article, books, videos and web documents – capitalize the first letter only of the title. Example: The dangers of the work place. Remember to capitalize proper nouns: example: The education system in Canada.  Titles of newspapers, journals and magazines – Capitalize all major words in the title. Example: The Globe and Mail  Always capitalize the word following a colon [ : ]. Example from a book title: The sweat off our brows: Working the field  Don’t capitalize minor words like: and, or, the, is except when?

Rules of Italics  Italicize the titles of journals, magazines, newspapers, books, videos and web documents: Some examples:  Book: The sound and the fury  Video: Saving Private Ryan  Magazine: Time  Italicize the volume number of a journal but not the issue number: Example: Canadian Art, 24(3)  Do not italicize article titles from journals and magazines:  Example from an article from Time: The wayward winds of change [Not italicized]

References (APA Style) Books Lastname, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of book (edition if applicable). Location: Publisher. Blicq, R. (2001). Guidelines for report writing (4th ed.). Toronto: Pearson Education Canada.

Biggs (2003) describes “deep learning as a need to engage” (p.16). [in-text quoting] The creation of personal meaning often indicates a deep approach to learning (Biggs, 2003). [paraphrasing] Biggs, J. (2003). Teaching for quality learning at university. Berkshire, UK: Open University Press. [reference list] Book Example Author YearTitle Publication Info

Biggs (2003) describes “deep learning as a need to engage” (p.16). [in-text quoting] The creation of personal meaning often indicates a deep approach to learning (Biggs, 2003). [paraphrasing] Biggs, J. (2003). Teaching for quality learning at university. Berkshire, UK: Open University Press. Retrieved from Ebscohost. [reference list] Ebsco eBook Example Author YearTitle Publication Info  Add this line if it is an Ebsco eBook

References (APA Style) Magazine Articles Lastname, A. A. (Year, Month DD if applicable). Title of article. Title of periodical, volume number(issue number if available), pagination. Jollimore, M. (2004, June 21). Fuel’s gold: Why Canada’s athletes pay so much attention to what they eat. Time,163(25),

“Teaching is a reflective and informed act” (Trigwell & Shale, 2004, p.530). [in text quoting] Any teaching model should include personal reflection (Trigwell & Shale, 2004). [paraphrasing] Trigwell, K., & Shale, S. (2004, July). Student learning and the scholarship of university teaching. Studies in Higher Education, 29(4), [reference list] Magazine Article Example Author(s) Date ArticleTitle Publication details and pages Journal Title

“Teaching is a reflective and informed act” (Trigwell & Shale, 2004, p.530). [in text quoting] Any teaching model should include personal reflection (Trigwell & Shale, 2004). [paraphrasing] Trigwell, K., & Shale, S. (2004, July). Student learning and the scholarship of university teaching. Studies in Higher Education, 29(4), [reference list] Magazine Article Example Author(s) Date ArticleTitle Publication details and pages Journal Title

References (APA Style) Website Lastname, A. A. (Year, Month DD if applicable). Title of page. Retrieved date, from URL Health Canada. (2004, May 25). West Nile virus. Retrieved July 19, 2004, from sc.gc.ca/english/westnile/index.html (n.d.) if you Can’t find a date

RMIT (2001) views “information literacy as a basis for lifelong learning” [in-text quoting] Information literacy is relevant for lifelong learning (RMIT, 2001). [paraphrasing] RMIT University Library. (2001). Information RMIT. Retrieved July 14, 2005, from [reference list] Web Resource Example Author(s)Date CreatedWebsite Title Website address Date Accessed

“Responsible for one out of four help desk calls and half of the PC crashes reported to Microsoft, spyware is draining IT resources and business productivity” (Phifer, 2006, p.46). [in text quoting] Malicious spyware is documented as a common problem behind many help desk calls and other computer problems (Phifer, 2006). [paraphrasing] Phifer, L. (2006, August). Dealing with adware and spyware. Business Communications Review, 36(8), 44-48,51. Article from Online Journal Database Author(s) Date Created ArticleTitle Journal Title Publication details and pages

What’s Wrong? Hint: 3 Things Karraker, Nancy E. (2001). String Theory: Reducing Mortality of Mammals in Pitfall Traps. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29(4),

Correct Version Hint: 3 Things Karraker, N. E. (2001). String theory: Reducing mortality of mammals in pitfall traps. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29(4),

What’s Wrong? Hint: 4 Things Loomans, D., and Kolberg, K. (1993) The laughing classroom: Everyone’s guide to teaching with humor and play. Tiburon, CA: H J Kramer Inc.

Correct Version Hint: 4 Things Loomans, D., & Kolberg, K. (1993). The laughing classroom: Everyone’s guide to teaching with humor and play. Tiburon, CA: H J Kramer Inc.

What’s Wrong? Hint: 2 Things Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2007). Biotechnology and bioremediation: Making our environment better…naturally. Retrieved October 30, 2007 from mpo.gc.ca/science/aquaculture/biotech /fact15_e.htm

Correct Version Hint: 2 Things Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2007). Biotechnology and bioremediation: Making our environment better…naturally. Retrieved October 30, 2007, from mpo.gc.ca/science/aquaculture/biotech /fact15_e.htm

Helpful Websites Holland College Library Citation FAQ: Click on the Research Help link The Owl at Purdue WorldCat (do an ISBN search for book, select record and click on Cite/Export link and choose APA style)

 The Ebsco article databases that are searchable through the library website include a cite link for articles that automatically creates an APA citation which you can copy and paste into your paper. You may have to correct the capitalizations of the titles.  Often, other searchable article databases include automatic citation generators for articles as well. The following slides show how to create the automatic Ebsco citations from an article. Automatic Citation Generators