Emission measurements – stack sampling & Accreditation Dr. Cor de Ruiter CDR QA SUPPORT / INAB June 2011

Emission measurements – stack sampling - Quality assurance: Accreditation versus Certification - Requirements for organizations involved in emission measurements – stack sampling - The Irish National Accreditation Board & the accreditation process (explained by Pat O’Brien) - Accreditation assessments in practice - Most important issues addressed during accreditation assessments 1

QA – Accreditation versus Certification EA National Accreditation Body (INAB) ISO/IEC Certification Bodies ISO/IEC 17021, EN Inspection Bodies ISO/IEC Companies (may be involved in Emission measurem. ISO 9001, 14001, ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATION EA Multilateral Agreement NOTE: ISO/IEC is NOT a certification standard ! 2 Mutual Recognition Agreements With other regions Laboratories Emission measurem. / stack sampling ISO/IEC 17025

Accreditation versus Certification 3 CERTIFICATIE (for profit) ISO 9001:2008 Deming cycle (PDCA) Personnel & Organization Meeting customer requirements Document control Primary Processes: - more in general - no technical experts ACCREDITATIE (non-profit) EN-ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Deming cycle (PDCA) Personnel & Organization Independence, impartiality Meeting customer requirements Document control Primary Processes - technical performance in detail - by technical experts - aiming at justified confidence that valid test results are reported COMPETENCE !

4 ACCREDITATION Assessment of Competence CERTIFICATIE Assessment of Conformity Accreditation versus Certification

Assessment of competence 5 Assessment by PEERS This is the key aspect of accreditation. Certification does not include this.

Requirements for organizations involved in emission measurements – stack sampling In most European countries, organizations involved in emission measurements – stack sampling, issuing test reports with regard to environmental licenses (including maximum allowable emissions), shall be accreditated against EN-ISO/IEC by its national Accreditation Body (AB). This AB shall be a signatory of the EA-MLA (ref. EA website EU Directives / Regulations more and more refer to EN-ISO/IEC

7 The General Assembly of EA has decided that, effective 1 November 2009, the national Accreditation Bodies that are signatory of the EA-MLA shall use CEN/TS 15675:2007 “ Air Quality – Measurement of stationary source emissions”, in the assessment of organizations involved in emsion meaurements – stack sampling CEN/TS 15675:2007 involves application of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 to periodic measurements NOTE: It refers to EN 15259:2007 as mandatory standard ! Requirements for organizations involved in emission measurements – stack sampling

7 Application of standard reference methods (SRM’s) Organic carbonEN Total dustEN Odour EN QA of AMSEN Total metalsEN OxygenEN Water vapourEN Sulphur dioxideEN Nitrogen oxidesEN Carbon monoxide EN DioxinsEN /3 Gas velocity and volume flow rate ISO

Accreditation assessments in practice focus of the lead assessor 9 Quality Policy and Objectives Internal Audits Complaint handling Corrective Action Preventive Action Management Review

10 Independence, impartiality - No conflict of interests - Avoiding undue pressures - Confidentiality - Quality Manager with direct access to top management Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the lead assessor

11 Organization & Personnel - Commitment of top management - Technical manager / supervision - Education, knowledge and work experience - Job descriptions - Qualification records - Monitoring and Training Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the lead assessor

17 Management system, document control and traceability of the primary process (reported results towards original raw data) Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the lead assessor

13 Performance of emission measurements – stack sampling conforming to measurement standards (EN, ISO), see Annex A of CEN/TS 15675:2007 This means witnessing of the performance of emission measurements ! By technical experts contracted by the Accreditation Body. Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

14 Assessment of the entire measurement process Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

15 Assessment of the entire measurement process Mobile laboratory Equipment Identification; logbooks; maintenance; calibration; quality control, etd. Competence of personnel Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

16 Calibration of critical equipment, e.g. for measurement of O 2, NOx, SO 2, CO, CO 2 - Traceability to international standards Calibration gases with traceability to international standards (National Metrological Institute or ISO/IEC accredited calibration laboratory) Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

17 Focus of the technical expert – traceability of cirtical equipment to international standards Pitot-tubes: Determination of the k-factor (0.60 – 1.00)

18 Focus of the technical expert – traceability of cirtical equipment to international standards Gas metersPressure gauges, barometer

19 Focus of the technical expert – traceability of cirtical equipment to international standards Thermocouple!

20 Focus of the technical expert – traceability of cirtical equipment to international standards

21 Quality control of O 2, NOx, SO 2, CO, CO 2 measuring equipment by means of quality control charts Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

23 Assessment if the measurement location and sections (EN 15259:2007) and stack sampling Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

24 Stack sampling Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

24 Stack sampling with regard to odour Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

26 Data acquisition / technical records Data integrity, traceability, retreivability, control of data transfers and calculations ALSO WHEN IT IS RAINING ! Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

26 Quality assurance of tests conducted in the laboratory (e.g. GC/MS, ICP, LC) Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert

27 Participation in proficiency Testing – A mandatory requirement for accreditation ! The posibilities are limited. In particular, there are only a few locations in Europe (UK, Germany, France, Belgium) suitable for performing an on-site proficiency test for stack sampling. Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert & lead assessor A ‘next best’ could be the off-site PT tests organized by e.g. NPL (UK) of NMi-VSL (Netherlands). NMi-VSL is accredited against ILAC-G13 (ISO/IEC 17043:2010) for such PT’s.

28 For Irish laboratories the NPL (UK) may be suitable. Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert & lead assessor NPL (UK) organizes three proficiency testing (PT) schemes in the stack emissions measurement area: Particulate, Gas Measurement and Calibration Gas. The Particulate scheme is run annually with test items sent to participants. The Gas Measurement and Calibration Gas schemes are run bi-annually with measurements conducted at NPL.

29 Reports -Clear and unambiguous - Contents in line with CEN/TS and EN Including measurement locations and their fitness for purpose, representativity of the industrial process, test results, measurement uncertainty, reference to accreditation - Traceability to original raw data (digital and/or hardcopy) Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert & lead assessor

1 & 3: below the allowed emission 5: Above the allowed emission 2 & 4: no conclusion canbe drawn Measurement uncertainty Accreditation assessments in practice - focus of the technical expert 30

Thank you very much for your attention ! 31 Any questions ?