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23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library2 Why do I need a list of References? To give proper credit to the original source Think of it as a way of thanking the author for using their work

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library3 Differences Between APA and MLA Style Lists 1. The first name of the author is not included – use the initials only. e.g. Gore, A. 2. The date is included in brackets after the author, instead of at the end of the citation. e.g. Gore, A. (2007) 3. If there is no author, the date follows the title.

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library4 3. Titles are written in italics, unless it is the title of an article, web page, or chapter in a book (i.e. a portion of a larger work) which is written in regular font. e.g. An inconvenient truth 4. Only the first word of a title and/or sub-title is capitalized (except for proper nouns like names of people, places, and organizations that are always capitalized. Periodical titles are always capitalized (i.e. magazines, newspapers, and journals). e.g. Scottish nationalism before 1890: A cultural framework Differences Between APA and MLA Style Lists

5. When you cite a website, you use the terms Retrieved from with the website address e.g. Retrieved from Please note: As of 2009, the date you access a website is no longer required in APA format. 23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library5

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library Information Centre 6 5. Double-space between entries. Huntley, D. (2008). Britain’s history in a new national museum. British Heritage, 29 (2), Retrieved from History Reference Centre database Levy, P. & Rather, S.H. (2005). Scotland. New York: Marshall Cavendish.

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library7 Here is a sample References List in APA style:

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library8 References Huntley, D. (2008). Britain’s history in a new national museum. British Heritage, 29 (2), Retrieved from History Reference Centre database Levy, P. & Rather, S.H. (2005). Scotland. New York: Marshall Cavendish. Lonely Planet Publications. Scotland overview. (2008). Retrieved from Mather, A.S. (2009). Scotland. In World book encyclopedia. Chicago: World Book Inc. Pounds, N.J.G. (2008). Scotland. Grolier multimedia encyclopedia. Retrieved from Grolier Online Stoddart, P., Johnson, K., Sominen, R., Maitland, W.T., Randall, P.R., Duhamel, T. …Grantham, E. (2009, Fall-Winter). Scottish nationalism before 1890: A cultural framework. International Social Science Review Volume Retrieved from

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library9 Some common errors students make in lists of References ……. Do not number your entries Do not list the type of source as a subheading (book, encyclopedia, internet) Put the list in alphabetical order by the first piece of information in the citation – author’s last name or title when there is no author Indent 5 spaces for every line after the first one (use the hanging indent feature)

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library10 How do I make a good References list? 1. Use the citation slips available in the Library and the guides available on the Library website. They help you to gather all the information you need for your References list.

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library Information Centre11 Fill them in with the correct information from your source. It is all in the correct order with the proper punctuation. Just copy the information to put it in the proper format. Have a look……

Book Author/Editor (Last Name, First initial) _ _ Walker _ _, D _. Date of publication ( _ 2008 _ ). Title (in italics) _ Chemical reactions _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Place of Publication _ _ New York _ _ _ _ : Publisher _ Smart Apple Media _ _ _ _ _ _. Walker, D. (2008). Chemical reactions. New York: Smart Apple Media. 23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library12

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library13 OR…. 2. Use This online program helps you to correctly format each citation. Then you have to paste the citations into a Word document, add a title, and put them in alphabetical order. Have a look!

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library14 3. Use the school website. It contains charts showing you how to format any resource for your References (APA) or Works Cited (MLA) list. Just look on the Library page, under APA Guides.

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library15 Reminder: These tips are specific to APA format Put the date in brackets after the author’s name. If there is no author, the date follows the title. Titles are written in italics, and only the first word is capitalized (except for proper nouns like names of people and places, which are always capitalized) Use only the initial of the author’s first name, not the full name. Double space your list. Put a period at the end of each entry unless it is a website address.

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library Information Centre16 And here are some tips for all References/Works Cited lists… The title References or Works Cited should be the same size font as the list. Do not underline or bold the title. If a citation is longer than one line, indent all subsequent lines 5 spaces. To do this in Word, highlight your list, select “Format”, then “Paragraph”, then under “Special” select “Hanging”, and click OK. This will format your entire list. Entries should be arranged alphabetically by the authors’ family names. If no author or editor is available, list a print source by the title of the work, and an Internet source by the name of the group author, organization or institution. In both cases, alphabetize by the first word that is not “an”, “a”, or “the”.

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library17. Here is another look at a good References list in APA format…

23/04/2015 K.C.S.S. Library18 References Huntley, D. (2008). Britain’s history in a new national museum. British Heritage, 29 (2), Retrieved from History Reference Centre database Levy, P. & Rather, S.H. (2005). Scotland. New York: Marshall Cavendish. Lonely Planet Publications. Scotland overview. (2008). Retrieved from Mather, A.S. (2009). Scotland. In World book encyclopedia. Chicago: World Book Inc. Pounds, N.J.G. (2008). Scotland. Grolier multimedia encyclopedia. Retrieved from Grolier Online Stoddart, P., Johnson, K., Sominen, R., Maitland, W.T., Randall, P.R., Duhamel, T. …Grantham, E. (2009, Fall-Winter). Scottish nationalism before 1890: A cultural framework. International Social Science Review Volume Retrieved from