1. Handout notebooks 2. Glue in anything you have not glued in for the Unit on the Spread of Islam. 3. Skip 2 pages.We are beginning a new Unit. (Jed too.) 4. Hand back the Silk Road Maps. 5. Glue the Silk Road Map on the 3 rd page. You will use this on Monday’s test.

The Spread of Buddhism into China, Japan and Korea. Green: Islam Brown: Buddhism

Many things spread from one culture to another culture through trade routes: Religions New ideas about health and government New inventions (Technology) Disease The word that social scientists use to describe this exchange of ideas and products is CULTURAL DIF-FU-SION.

The Silk Road was the main inter-national highway for more than 2000 years.

The Taklimakan desert separated China from the Mediterranean world. The Himalayan Mountains separated China from India.

Himalayan Mountains

The Taklimakan Desert

It is an desert with extreme temperatures.

Traders went through a lot to get to China. A desert sand-storm:

How did they survive?

They used the best technology they had.

The Camel

A CAMEL’S EYE A camel has two rows of curly eyelashes that help clean the sand out of their eyes.

Camels have a third eyelid to keep the sand out of its eyes. The eyelid can be moved side to side ( like a windshield wiper.) It is also translucent (see through) so they can see in a sandstorm.

A CAMELS NOSTRILS Their nostrils can open and close to keep the sand out of their lungs. When they shut their nostrils, they can breathe through their mouths.

A CAMEL’S HUMP A camel can store up to 80 lbs. of fat in their hump. A camel can go without eating for 5-7 days. When a camel uses up this fat, the camel’s hump will shrink and hang over to one side.

A camels mouth Camels have 34 sharp teeth. Their teeth help them to eat rough and tough materials like dry, thorny bushes. Thy can use their teeth as dangerous weapons in a fight.

Camels have pads on the bottom of their feet which spread out, stopping the camel from sinking into the sand.

The traders didn’t go through the driest part of the desert. They followed the resources which lay at the base of the mountains.

There would be some run-off when the snow melted and some vegetation would grow.

The places that had natural resources became the trading centers. Some places had underground sources of water (Oases).

Let’s use Buddhism as our second example of how ideas spread during Medieval Times.

B.C.E. C.E. Before the Common Era Common Era  *  * Buddhism began in Sarnath, India around 600 B.C.(5 th century.) It spread throughout China over a 400 year period of time. (2 nd Century B.C.E. to 3 rd Century C.E. ) It took another 500 years to spread to Korea and Japan.

Let’s review Buddhism: It began in an area south of the Himalayan mountains. LAUSD says it began in Sarnath, India.(On the District Assessment.)

Buddhism is a 2,500 years old religion that began in India between 600 and 500 B.C. E. (5th Century B.C.E.)2,500 years old  *  * B.C.E. C.E. Before the Common Era Common Era Buddhism does not believe in any gods at all.

Buddhists believe a rich, Hindu prince named Siddhartha Gautama became the Buddha after searching for many years to find a “cure” for “suffering” ( the greed and desire inside of us).

He saw that good deeds lead the way, from suffering to peace.

Finally, he became completely free from thinking in a way that caused him any suffering. This freedom is called nirvana (enlightenment). So, at the age of 35, Siddhartha became the Buddha, the Supreme Enlightened One.

He then began to teach others. “To conquer oneself is a greater task than conquering others.”

“ Pleasure does not last; or if it does, it becomes monotonous.”

“ Whoever sows suffering will reap the same fruits.”

When the Buddha had sixty monks as his disciples (students) he held a meeting. He told them: "Go and spread the Dharma (this teaching) to other places, to give more people the chance of gaining freedom from suffering.”

Buddhism continued to spread across the Silk Road after his death, eventually reaching China, Japan, Korea, and parts of Southeast Asia.

I have left maps for you to illustrate these facts on. You have 3 goals: Use color to help you see how Buddhism moved through Asia.(It took 1400 years.) To be able to see these waves of expansion on a timeline. To understand the meaning of 5 th century B.C.E. Vs 2 nd century C.E.