MNRE Development of Biogas and Biofuels in India WORKSHOP ON INDO-ASEAN COOPERATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY 5 th November, 2012 Anil Dhussa, Director Ministry of New & Renewable Energy New Delhi

MNRE Bioenergy Options o Biomass Combustion / Co-generation o Improved solid fuels (Pellet, Briquettes, Char) o Gaseous Fuels - Bio-chemical / Bio-methanation (Biogas) - Thermo-chemical (Producer Gas) o Liquid Fuels - Extraction (Trans esterification / biodiesel) -Thermo-Chemical (Pyrolysis Oil) -Bio-chemical (Ethanol, Butanol)

MNRE Biomethanation o Biomethanation / Anaerobic Digestion (AD) has emerged as a mature technology for energy from animal and agro-industrial wastes / residues, biomass and energy crops o Large Potential of energy recovery from above substrates and treatment & disposal of wastes

MNRE Bio-energy Resources in India Agricultural residues / energy crops o Over 140 M ha arable land is estimated to produce over 700 MTA biomass o 50 M ha arable land is under mono cropping - potential for short cycle cellulosic biomass. Cattle dung and Poultry droppings o 1000 MTA from 300 million cows & buffaloes. o 8 MTA from 500 million poultry birds. MSW o By 2021 urban population likely to be 550 mil - would generate > 150 MTA of MSW

Potential in India o Surplus biomass : MW o Cows manure : 1500 MW and poultry droppings o Urban Wastes:2600 MW o Industrial Wastes:1300 MW

MNRE Benefits of Biogas Technology o Biomethanation (AD) produces energy and treats waste o Contributes to energy security through use of local resources o Produces superior organic manure - Industrial AD Plants can produce assured quality organic fertilizer for improving profitability o De-centralised application for segregated organic wastes help to reduce landfills

Biogas from Industrial wastes Likely Capacities o Distilleries effluent :1 MW / 30 kL o Dairies (milk processing) :100 kW / 3 lakh litres o Paper Mills (Black Liq. +) :1 MW / 60 TPD paper o Slaughterhouse waste :100 kW / TPD o Poultry droppings : 1 MW / 1 Million birds o Cattle dung : 100 kW / 25 TPD

MNRE Biogas in India o 4.5 M Household biogas plants based on cattle manure mainly for producing cooking fuel o Mid sized biogas plants based on cattle manure and other similar wastes for heat, electricity or motive power o Biogas from urban and industrial wastes and effluents o Co-digestion of farm / agricultural residues with urban and industrial wastes

MNRE Biogas from Animal Manure and Agro-residues o 1 MW and 1.2 MW Cattle manure based biogas projects at Ludhiana, Punjab and Jabalpur, MP o About 2000 small and medium size biogas plants based on cattle manure for heat, electricity or motive power (5-25 kW) o 1.5 and 2.5 MW biogas projects based on poultry droppings in Tamil Nadu o Two projects of 4 MW each for agricultural wastes / residues in Punjab under installation o

MNRE Biogas from Industrial Wastes o 1.5 MW power from food processing and sugar industry solid waste o Four biogas projects for bagasse / straw wash- water in paper mills o About 20 projects for heat and/or power from starch industry effluents o Over 250 distilleries generating biogas for heat and/or power from their spent wash/effluent o Demonstration projects for converting biogas into bio-CNG

MNRE

Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, MW power project based on cattle dung at a Dairy Complex Ludhiana, Punjab

MNRE 1.2 MW power project based on cattle manure at Dairy Colony in Jabalpur

MNRE Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010 Biomethanation of bagasse wash-water at Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Company

MNRE Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, cum biomethanation project for solid waste 3000 cum biomethanation project for solid waste at Slaughterhouse in Andhra Pradesh

MNRE Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, MW biogas power at a distillery

MNRE Kitchen waste biogas plant

MNRE Government Support for Biogas Programme o Financial and fiscal support o Provisions in the Electricity Act Open access to grid for RE power -Preferential tariffs by State regulators -RE Power Obligations for Transcos o Capacity building measures o Support for Research and Development

MNRE Biofuels in India o 1 st generation Biofuels -From molasses – bio-ethanol -From oil bearing seeds (SVO and biodiesel) o 2 nd generation Biofuels: ligno-cellulosic substrates -Ethanol through enzymatic fermentation -bio-crude, bio-oil (Thermo-chemical route) o 3 rd generation Biofuels - Algae, green diesel o 4 th generation Biofuels: CO 2 sequestration …….

MNRE National Biofuel Policy o Announced in December, 2009 o Development and utilization of indigenous non- food feedstocks raised on degraded or waste lands o Thrust on research and development on cultivation, processing and production of biofuels o 20% Ethanol and Bio-diesel blending by 2017 – current target is 5% blending – achieving ~ 2%

MNRE Some Recent Initiatives o Identified quality germ-plasms of Jatropha and assessed their availability for multiplication o Facility for large scale micro-propagation of elite Jatropha genotypes under development o Demonstration projects on promising genotypes taken up o Major thrust on R & D on 2 nd Generation Biofuels o Pilot projects set up

MNRE Initiatives taken by Industry o Private and Public sector industry active in R&D, Plantation of oilseed bearing trees and production of bio-diesel and bio-ethanol o 10 bio-diesel plants set up with capacities ranging from TPD and aggregating to 3080 TPD. o This production capacity can replace over 2% of the current diesel demand. o Slowdown as adequate feedstock not available

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