1 From Research to Reality Dr. Gerald R. Hover. 2 What’s working and What’s not working?

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Presentation transcript:

1 From Research to Reality Dr. Gerald R. Hover

2 What’s working and What’s not working?

3 Today I will wish to know what you think is working and/or not working in your country in terms of laws, procedures, and public policies regarding sex offenders.

4 I will also be asking what you believe are the next steps for you and your nation to take.

5 I will now summarize the U.S. state of affairs.

6 Discordant information

7 It is getting better and it is getting worse.

8 Signs of Improvement: Harris and Hansen (2004), N=4,724 “After 15 years 76% of sex offenders are not charged with another sex offence.”

9 Why?  Economic prosperity  More detectives and social workers  Longer sentences  Better community supervision, i.e., more offender specific  Psychotropic medications  More willing offenders

10 And Sex Offender treatment works Hansen, Gordon, Harris, Murphy, Quinsey, and Seto, % of the untreated offenders reoffended 10% of those sex offenders in sex offender treatment reoffended Effect Size =.40 Meaning the treated offenders were 40% better Good results, but not great

11 But let us compare other Effect Sizes:  Chemotherapy for breast cancer is 8%  Anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin) are at 14%  By pass surgery for artery blockage is 15%  Nicotine Patches are at 18%  Clozapine (schizophrenia medication) is at 20%  Viagra is at 38% From: Marshall & McGuire 2003, Meyer, Finn, Gyde, Kay,Dies, Gismdn, Kubiszyn, & Reed, 2001

12 Is sexual abuse becoming worse?

13 Bureau of Justice Statistics National Crime Victims Survey, 2005 Substantiated a decline of 51% in sexual abuse reports between 1991 & 2005

14 And in May, 2011 Tabachnick & Klein published a report for ATSA: “A Reasonable Approach: Reshaping Sex Offender Policy to Prevent Child Sexual Abuse”

Incidents of Child Sexual Abuse (100%) Incidents reported to Authorities (10-18%) 6 Perpetrators Go to Trial 6% 3 Perpetrators Convicted(3%) Adapted from Tabachnick & Klein, 2011

16 The vast majority of sexual assault goes unreported. Why?

17 Hypothesis: Our laws are not driven by science.

18 The vast majority of sex offender laws:  Lengthen incarceration  Add electronic monitoring  Require community notification  Restrict where offenders can live

19 Other Variables:  Charges are pled down to lesser crimes  Some folks distrust our law enforcement officers & our criminal justice system & believe not all are treated fairly.  Some victims are fearful and/or ashamed at not having been able to stop someone they love from offending them.

20 The uninteded consequences:  Victims do not report crimes to the police  Perpetrators are unable to return to the home they own  New housing is both distant from services & remote from support  Ancillary services are decreased or hard to access  Offenders are less connected to support people  Larger numbers of homeless sex offenders

21 What Works?  Stability a. Housing b. Employment c. Pro-social associates  Matching our response to risk & not treating all offenders alike  Specialized treatment for sex offenders

22 Your three questions are:

23 (1) What is happening in your nation that is working?

24 (2) What is occurring that is not working?

25 (3) What are your next steps?

26 Contact Information