1. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Probation Statistics Part 1 Crime, Justice & Security Statistics Produced in Collaboration between World Bank Institute and the Development Data Group (DECDG)

2. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Relation to other Modules Probation Statistics do not exist on their own. They are closely related to statistics from other agencies of the justice system: especially the courts and the prisons and to the general principles for statistical governance. As a consequence, other Modules in this area could also be studied with benefit: –Module 1 (Governance) –Module 5 (Courts) –Module 7 (Prisons) 2

3. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Probation process Police catch offenders: prosecutors ensure evidence is good enough: courts find many offenders guilty of the crime The probation service works with the court in dealing with offenders: It supervises offenders that have been given community sanctions It supervises prisoners who have completed their sentence, or are serving some of their sentence in the community It advises the court on the social consequences of sentencing In many countries its role goes wider than the justice system itself, dealing with problems to do with vulnerable children 3

4. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Structural Position of the Probation Service Most developed countries and a growing number of developing countries have a probation service but some do not yet Different ministries supervise the probation service in different countries Sometimes this is a stand alone service: Sometimes it lies within another justice service, such as the prisons service or even the courts service. Sometimes it lies within ministries dealing with children’s issues. 4

5. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. More common Probation Order Community Service Order After-care following release from prison Supervision instead of imprisonment Attending offender programs as a condition of supervision Less common Electronic tagging Curfew Intensive supervision Restorative or Community Justice Types of probation supervision (Statistics on workload/outcomes) 5

6. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Other roles of Probation Service Giving social reports to the court Advising the courts on sentencing Dealing with young people at risk of offending: Orphans Those from criminal families Those being placed for adoption Statistics needed on all these where relevant 6

7. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Types of Probation Statistics Whatever aspect of the Probation Service we are monitoring, there are three basic types of statistics that will be useful for managing and reporting on the Probation service. 1.Workload Statistics, which show the number of cases that the probation service is faced with 2.Outcome Statistics, which show the outcomes of supervisions that the Probation service has been dealing with. 3.Resource Statistics, including staff, buildings, and equipment Targets could be set for each of these types of statistics: case- load per probation officer 7

8. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Sources of Probation data Data-collection should be designed for the local probation office starting when an offender has his name entered on the Probation Service’s books. Probation Staff open a file for each new case. Case files should contain information on Unique case identifier for each offender (criminal) Offence convicted of and date of conviction Type of probation supervision given and Length of supervision Basic characteristics of each offender (eg. age and sex) Outcome of supervision order: eg completed satisfactory/breached. 8

9. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Workload Statistics – General Workload Statistics show the amount of work that the probation service has dealt with over a particular period These will usually be about the supervision cases that the probation service deals with But other work will need to be recorded (eg advice given by the probation service to the court on social background or sentencing possibilities) as they use up resources and are often considered separately from the main case Data should be collected on a monthly basis from each probation office Statistics of numbers of staff employed should also be collected with workload statistics 9

10. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Workload Statistics – Probation supervision example Probation Office……. Month…… Caseload at start of month Cases received Cases ended Successfully Caseload at end of month Main type of supervision Probation Order Community Service Order After-Care Instead of prison Attending offender programmes 10

11. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Workload Statistics – Classifications The probation service does not need to collect a large amount of detailed workload statistics But it will need to ensure that the classifications used are the same as those used by the police, the courts and the prison service This is to make sure that data can be compared uniformly across all agencies An example is the broad offence classification, which will need to be agreed at a Crime Statistics Committee usually chaired by the CSO The procedure for this is covered in Module 1. 11

12. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Probation workload trends National Data2004200520062007 Caseload at start of year Cases received during year Cases concluded Caseload at end of period Change in workload during year 12

13. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Outcome statistics – general The probation service works to ensure all types of supervision are completed satisfactorily: This involves monitoring: 1.Cases supervised that conclude satisfactorily: 2.Supervisions that fail because the offender commits another offence 3.Supervisions that fail due to bad offender behavior 4.Supervisions that fail because offenders do not attend as required. 5.Supervisions referred again to the court. 13

14. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Probation Statistics Type of supervision….. Month…. HomicideAssaultRobberyTheftSexual, …… Cases completed satisfactorily Offender re-offends Offender behaves badly Offender does not attend Case referred to court again Fails for other reason 14

15. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Trends Probation Office…….. 2006200720082009 Outcome of supervisions Cases completed satisfactorily Offender re- offends Offender behaves badly Offender does not attend Case referred to court again Fails for other reason 15