World War Two (1939-1945) German Conquest (1939-42) Poland France Key Terms Blitzkrieg Axis & Allies Pearl Harbor Churchill Stalin FDR Stalingrad D-day Eisenhower Yalta Conference Dresden Island Hopping German Conquest (1939-42) Poland France Battle of Britain Russian Invasion US (1939-12/7/41) Neutrality & Japan Defeating Germany (1942-45) Diplomacy/Big Three The “Tide Turns” Defeating Japan Results

WWII Themes Technology-from the Blitz to A-bomb & in between Diplomacy-Allies cooperate “Total War”-civilian casualties

Poland Faces A Blitzkrieg Germany invaded Poland September 1, 1939 New Technologies = Success Blitzkrieg = “Lightening Warfare” Air attacks combined with rapid troop movement Poland fell within one month German air force targeted railroads

WWII Alliances Allies Axis Following Germany’s invasion Alliances were formed: Allies Great Britain France Axis Germany Italy Japan

France Falls To Germany 1940 France fell to Germany in 6 weeks (successful Blitz) Victorious German Soldiers

The British Stand Alone: Battle of Britain Cities were bombed June, 1940-June 1941 British radar helped & radio influenced morale London under fire

Hitler switched tactics Russian Invasion June, 1941 Germany invaded Russia (in violation of previous treaty) German “Blitzkrieg” again VERY successful (initially) Hitler switched tactics

Pearl Harbor Attack (12/7/41) 19 Ships sunk About 2,000 dead USS Arizona explosions killed about 1,100

WWII Alliances Allies Axis Great Britain France USSR Germany Italy Japan US

“Big Three” Winston Churchill (1874-1965) Prime Minster of Great Britain Goal: Attack “Soft Underbelly” of Europe Italy

“Big Three” Joseph Stalin (1879-1953) Leader of Soviet Union (USSR) Goal: A Second Front in western Europe 20-30 million Soviets died during WWII

Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) “Big Three” Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) (1882-1945) US President Goal: Defeat Germany first with fewest US casualties

Battles Of Stalingrad & Leningrad (Leningrad: 1941-44) Turning point of European war USSR turned back Germans Leningrad/ St. Petersburg was under seige

The “Tide Turns” In Italy In 1943 following defeats in North Africa Mussolini was deposed & Italy surrendered.

D-Day (June 6, 1944) Dwight Eisenhower (1890-1969) Allied invasion in western France (2nd Front). Technological success 500,000 troops 11,000 aircraft 4,000 vessels

Dresden, Germany Major German cultural center Site of massive allied bombing campaign February 1945 Up to 130,000 civilians killed

Yalta Conference (February, 1945) It was decided that following Germany’s defeat… Free elections would be held in Poland. Germany would be occupied by Allied Powers. USSR would join the war against Japan. Allied Powers would participate in the United Nations.

Germany’s Defeat Germany surrendered May 8, 1945.

Island Hopping US strategy to defeat Japan. US forces went from Island to Island in the Pacific on their way to the Japanese mainland.

War In The Pacific: Midway (June 1942) Location of an important US based in the Pacific US won a decisive victory Significance: Turning point in the war in the Pacific

Iwo Jima (February-March, 1945) 6,800 US dead 19,000 US wounded 21,000 Japanese dead *Figures are approximate

Okinawa April-June, 1945 12,500 US/Allied dead 35,000 US/Allied wounded 100,000 Japanese soldiers dead 80,000 Japanese civilians dead or wounded *Figures are approximate

“Kamikaze” Japanese “suicide” planes increased as the Americans neared the Japanese mainland.

Tokyo Was Firebombed March, 1945 (two days) About 80,000 dead 250,000 buildings destroyed

The Aftermath of the Atomic Bombs Atomic Warfare US ultimatum rejected Hiroshima (8/6/45): 100,000 Japanese dead Nagasaki (8/9/45): 40,000 Japanese dead Japanese Surrender (8/14/45) The Aftermath of the Atomic Bombs Image Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

WWII-Deaths Country Military Deaths Civilian Deaths USSR 13,000,000? (min) 7,000,000? Germany 3,250,000 3,500,000 Poland 125,000 6,000,000 Great Britain 325,000 65,000 United States 400,000

World War Two (1939-1945) German Conquest (1939-42) Poland France Key Terms Blitzkrieg Axis & Allies Pearl Harbor Churchill Stalin FDR Stalingrad D-day Eisenhower Yalta Conference Dresden Island Hopping German Conquest (1939-42) Poland France Battle of Britain Russian Invasion US (1939-12/7/41) Neutrality & Japan Defeating Germany (1942-45) Diplomacy/Big Three The “Tide Turns” Defeating Japan Results