Jubilee Campus Land Reclamation

Site Investigation Desk research Desk research to identify most probable areas of contamination e.g. previous site use to identify most probable areas of contamination e.g. previous site use On-site survey On-site survey Spot sampling using standard grids Spot sampling using standard grids

Previous Land Uses Coal Mining Coal Mining Railway Sidings Railway Sidings Canal Canal Waste Destruction Facility Waste Destruction Facility Tractor Depot Tractor Depot Timer Yard Timer Yard Recently Owned by Raleigh Industries Ltd. Recently Owned by Raleigh Industries Ltd.

Open shafts/expanses underground Open shafts/expanses underground Slag heaps Slag heaps Heavy oils e.g. fuels Heavy oils e.g. fuels Light oils e.g. bicycle lubricants Light oils e.g. bicycle lubricants Heavy metals Heavy metals Wood treatment chemicals e.g. creosote Wood treatment chemicals e.g. creosote Pile of bricks that used to be buildings Pile of bricks that used to be buildings Possible Problems On the Site

Proposed Development Formal Campus Formal Campus Lake/wetland Lake/wetland Existing landscape tree belt and new landform as wildlife refuge and visual screen Existing landscape tree belt and new landform as wildlife refuge and visual screen

Metal Treatment Metal contaminated soil is treated using the combination of electrokinetics and phytoremediation Metal contaminated soil is treated using the combination of electrokinetics and phytoremediation Electrokinetics is used to remove metals from deep soil and ground water Electrokinetics is used to remove metals from deep soil and ground water Phytoremediation is a process that uses plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, and destroy contaminants in soil and sediment. Phytoremediation is a process that uses plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, and destroy contaminants in soil and sediment.

Fuel/Oil Treatment 1. Soil is washed in situ, other additives may be added to improve washing 2. Contaminated water is removed and further treatment conducted 3. An in situ bioremediation process is used 4. Nutrients and air may be pumped in to the site if necessary to enhance intrinsic bioremediation

Problems With Lake Area Results of sampling showed very high pH values and excessive salinity Results of sampling showed very high pH values and excessive salinity High levels of boron, copper, nickel and zinc High levels of boron, copper, nickel and zinc The high pH values make these metals relatively immobile thus electrokinetics and phytoremediation methods proved unsuitable The high pH values make these metals relatively immobile thus electrokinetics and phytoremediation methods proved unsuitable

Lake Area Cut/fill method used for lake area. Cut/fill method used for lake area. Material removed was stored in-situ for possible treatment and reuse Material removed was stored in-situ for possible treatment and reuse A bentonite liner was used to retain water and prevent ingress of contaminants A bentonite liner was used to retain water and prevent ingress of contaminants Rainwater is now collected from all impervious areas of the site and stored in the lake Rainwater is now collected from all impervious areas of the site and stored in the lake

Solutions Used for the Remainder of the site A cut/fill balance ensuring all excavated materials remained on-site A cut/fill balance ensuring all excavated materials remained on-site Cut material used for landscaping of other areas of site, with a layer of clean top soil added. Cut material used for landscaping of other areas of site, with a layer of clean top soil added. Careful selection of plants and trees was required, depending on their rooting habits Careful selection of plants and trees was required, depending on their rooting habits Enclosure of unsuitable materials to allow their use in landscape areas Enclosure of unsuitable materials to allow their use in landscape areas To prevent further contamination of surrounding soil a geocomposite clay liner was used To prevent further contamination of surrounding soil a geocomposite clay liner was used

Conclusion Careful consideration of rainwater should have been taken into account, and therefore Careful consideration of rainwater should have been taken into account, and therefore The University of Nottingham has now entered into constant monitoring of ground conditions around the site. The University of Nottingham has now entered into constant monitoring of ground conditions around the site. Through these measures a sustainable habitat was created in Nottingham on a former industrial site Through these measures a sustainable habitat was created in Nottingham on a former industrial site