Electroencephalography (EEG)
Hz (awake, but relaxed, attenuated w/ activity) mu alpha having to do w/ motion Hz (Low amplitude w/ multiple/varying freq when thinking) up to 3 Hz (sleep and babies) 4-7 Hz (kids and meditation) Hz raw EEG
Wolpaw, PNAS 101(51), 2004, Fig. 1
C3=L C4=R nose (24 Hz) (12 Hz)
Wolpaw, PNAS 101(51), 2004, Fig. 1 beta mu (alpha) C3=L C4=R nose 3&4 2&5 1&6 7&8 1&2 3&8 4&7 5&6 C3 C4
Wolpaw, PNAS 101(51), 2004, Table 1
/07/ DC1/03504Movie1.movhttp:// /07/ DC1/03504Movie1.mov Movie 1. Two-dimensional cursor control with scalp-recorded sensorimotor rhythms. In this QUICKTIME movie, a person with spinal cord injury (i.e., user A) uses scalp-recorded sensorimotor rhythms to control cursor movement in two dimensions. In each trial, a target appears at one of eight possible locations on the periphery of the screen, and 1 sec later, the cursor appears in the center and moves. Its vertical movement is controlled by the sum of the weighted amplitudes of a 24-Hz beta rhythm recorded from the scalp over left and right sensorimotor cortices, and its horizontal movement is controlled by the difference between the weighted amplitudes of a 12-Hz mu rhythm recorded over left and right sensorimotor cortices, as described in Methods.
Wolpaw, PNAS 101(51), 2004, Fig. 2
Wolpaw, PNAS 101(51), 2004, Fig. 3
Wolpaw, PNAS 101(51), 2004, Fig. 4
Looking into the future….
They use more channels and more frequencies….and tailor it for different users
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 1
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 2
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 2
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 3
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 3
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 4
Not the original video… but close JjEhTshttp:// JjEhTs
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 5
Hochberg, et al. Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia, Nature, 44(13), 2006 p Fig. 6