WP3 Optical Switch Node Design and Implementation Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches Second Year Review Brussels, March 6, 2008

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches2 Outline Contributing Partners Timeline and Deliverables WP3 Activities Task 3.1 – Design of the Switching Node Task 3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Task 3.3 – Final Assembly of the Switching Node Conclusion and Outlook

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches3 WP3: Partners Involved Participant IDPerson- Months Partners‘ Individual Contribution UKA 27 (31) Will coordinate WP3 and work on the node design activities. Responsible for implementation and testing and performance evaluation. NSN 4 Involved in design definitions and manufacturability issues of node design. Optium 20 Will contribute devices for implementation AIT 18 Contributes to node design and performance evalution. UCC 1.5 (6) Contributes to node design, and send people over to UKA for component integration. UoE6 Will contribute to design and system requirements.

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches4 WP3: Timeline TODAY

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches5 Task 3.1- Design of the Node Duration: M1-M3, M12-M15 Evaluation of different node architectures featuring  transparency to bit rates and protocols  optical switching and add/drop functionality  optical monitoring  signal 2R regeneration Timeline

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches6 Task 3.1- Design of the Node Optical Node Subsystems 1 2 3

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches7 Task 3.1- Design of the Node Signal Structure circuit switched traffic from the point of view of physical routes through the network, carried over a burst mode transport layer for an all-optical router buffer stores to accommodate for variations in propagation delay along various routes are not practical  therefore at points of aggregation, retiming is needed to account for jitter, wander and clock frequency drifts Data block length, taking into account fibre expansion, wavelength drift considering a local clock accuracy of 10e-9 (a compact atomic clock in each node) Leads to a maximum block length in the order of 1ms + guard band of around 1µs with preamble for clock recovery locking 2

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches8 Task 3.1- Design of the Node OTDM-to-WDM Subsytem: Expected Output signal conditions Input Value Output Value or Implication Wander30 ns p-p> 20 ns guard band Random Jitter200 fs rms400 fs rms Deterministic Jitter 1 ps p-p2 ps p-p Clock Offset200 kHz Bit Rate (Gbit/s) Modulation Format Interleaved RZRZ Routing ProtocolAnyAs input OSNR40 dB>25 dB Power per channel > 0 dBm> -10 dBm Channel frequencies or THz , 193.1, 193.7, THz fixed

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches9 An analytical model has been proposed for the performance evaluation of the TRIUMPH MAN The non-linear reshaping element modifies the statistics of the input Gaussian noise g g Amplitude distortions introduce logical errors that accumulate linearly along the cascade Jitter is not suppressed and its effect is considered only at the final receiver Task 3.1- Design of the Node

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches10 WB SMF+DCF 2R G1G1 G2G2 G3G3 WB OTDM to WDM WDM to OTDM P down P in P out L MUX : -6dB -6dB L WB : -6dB LFLF L C : -3dB 2R Similar performance when the regenerator is either at the input or at the output of the node Moderate OSNR of 28 dB has been assumed in study For sufficient low g, 2R regenerator can be cascaded Task Cascadability of OADM Node

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches11 Task 3.1- Design of the Node Conclusion Fulfills all functionalities Design based on proposed node structure Incorporates results from WP2 and WP5 Tunable filters in 130Gbit/s paths, one can select wavelength channel to be dropped/added Picked up on Reviewers comment regarding 100GE

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches12 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Timeline Duration: M4 – M24 Demonstration of key elements of the switching node Clock signal extraction and multiple channel synchronization Grooming functionality such as WDM to OTDM conversion and vice-versa Fibre and Quantum Dot (QD) SOA based multi-wavelength regenerators Work on contingency plan in case of unsuitability of developed technologies

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches13 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Joint Experiments among the Consortium Partners in WP3 OTDM-to-WDM HNLF Regenerator WDM-to-OTDM HNLF Regenerator Equipment Loan

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches14 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Error free performance achieved ADORE Subsystem Testing at UCC in Collaboration with WP5 2 Bit Error Rate Performance of ADORE with automatic channel selection for a variety of different input phase delays Variation in receiver sensitivity as a function of phase delay showing two independent measurements.

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches15 Optimise SOA-MZIs for pulse width adaptation (i.e. operation with the MLL pulses) Optimise ADORE operation Full scale experiment Expected completion: week commencing 10 th March T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements WDM-to-OTDM Subsystem: Next Steps

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches16 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Collaboration between ORC and University of Karlsruhe OTDM-to-WDM converter subsystem testing at UKA, Nov WDM 1 WDM 3 WDM 2

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches17 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements BER Measurements WDM1: Penalty=3.5dB WDM2: Penalty=1.7dB WDM3: Penalty=0.5dB All-Optical Conversion of a 128.1Gb/s OTDM signal to a 3  42.7Gb/s WDM signal was experimentally demonstrated. - Maximum of 3.5dB penalty for WDM1 at a BER of No error floor

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches18 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements 2. OTDM-to-WDM converter implementation by NSN All-Optical Conversion of a 128.1Gb/s OTDM signal to a 3  42.7Gb/s WDM signal was experimentally demonstrated. - No error floor -Maximum of 2dB penalty for the central channel at a BER of  Will shortly be tested at UKA

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches19 1 st Solution: (QD-SOAs+ Filter) Numerical studies have been performed comparing different regenerative schemes based on QD-SOAs : 1. XGM + saturable absorbers 2.XGM + delay interferometer 3. Regenerative amplification Conclusion : XGM modulation can provide better nonlinear reshaping, but with more increased requirements in terms of gain recovery for the devices. Although the theoretical studies have designated the required specifications for the QD-SOA devices, these have not been met yet due to fundamental issues. Although we strive to overcome the corresponding problems during the 3 rd year of the project  Activated contingency plan: Regeneration schemes based on bulk SOA (Optium) T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements M3.1 – Comparison of Alternative 2R Regenerators 2 nd Solution : (HNLF ) This is a more mature technology. Multiwavelength regeneration has been shown based on two different approaches. (ORC+AIT) 1

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches20 Results so far: Wavelength conversion at 43 Gbit/s by exploitation of XGM and XPM effects using a pulse reformatting optical filter (PROF) Figure 2: Experimental setup for wavelength conversion with pattern effect cancelation. (RSOF: Red-shifted optical filter, BSOF: Blue shifted optical filter, OD: optical delay, VOA: variable optical attenuator, BPF: band pass filter) Contingency plan – PROF scheme T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches21 Contingency plan – Results (PROF) Publication: Wang, J.; Marculescu, A.; Li, J.; Vorreau, P.; Tzadok, S.; Ezra, S. B.; Tsadka, S.; Freude, W.; Leuthold, J., "Pattern Effect Removal Technique for Semiconductor-Optical-Amplifier-Based Wavelength Conversion“, Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, vol.19, no.24, pp , Dec.15, 2007 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements  Next step: experiment using PROF scheme for wavelength conversion and regeneration at 130 Gbit/s.

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches22 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Dispersion Managed Regenerator – AIT+UKA Joint Experiment Chan2: nm Chan3: nm 1 Misaligned bias: deterministic degradation Chan1: nm

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches23 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements 3-Channel Regenerative Capabilities Transfer functions measuring the output power after the OBPF with an offset of -0.6nm for the three channels Operating Point Three copropagating channel regeneration at 43 Gbit/s with 600 GHz spacing

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches24 Comparison with Simulation Results g1g1 g0g0 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements The network analytical model has been fitted to the experimental data At the operating point of the HNLF regenerator, the slope is g : 0.62

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches25 Comparison with Simulation Results The network analytical model has been fitted to the experimental data At the operating point of the HNLF regenerator, the slope is g : 0.62 These specifications enable 6 node cascadability if input OSNR >25 dB Deployment of FEC would relax OSNR margin Note : pulse reformatting effects are not considered in the analytical approach Log Gb/s, 6 th node T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches26 T3.2 – Demonstration of Key Elements Task 3.2 Conclusion UKA has planned test setups for key element demonstration Necessary equipment has been evaluated, purchased and tested Alternative 2R regenerators have been compared, contingency plan is put in action Subsystem testing of all the individual node functionalities carried out

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches27 Task Switch Node Concept Timeline Duration: M25 – M31 Final assembly of the optical switching node  will be supported by activities in other WPs  challenge: bringing all technologies on common wavelength standard  assemble switching node and perform testing at bit-rates between 10 Gbit/s and potentially 130 Gbit/s

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches28 Task Switch Node Implementation Layout will undergo changes as project evolves Continuous traffic only Node demonstration with burst traffic in network environment at UoE 1 2 3

Transparent Ring Interconnection Using Multi-wavelength Photonic switches29 WP3 Conclusion and Progress Different node architectures have been studied based on input from WP2 (T3.1) Cascadability study carried out based on chosen node architecture (T3.1) Developed refined node implementation based on results (T3.1) Necessary equipment has been evaluated, purchased and tested (T3.2) Subsystem testing of all individual node functionalities has been carried out (T3.2) Results achieved to be published in the near future  Switch node implementation soon to start (T3.3)!