IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6

Information management 2 Groep T Leuven – Information department 2/24 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) IPv6 solutions to IPv4 disadvantages IPv6 addressing IPv6 header DNS support for IPv6 Core protocols of IPv6 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Differences between IPv4 and IPv6

Information management 3 Groep T Leuven – Information department 3/24 Disadvantages of IPv4 Limited address space Flat routing infrastructure Configuration Security Quality of service (QoS) Mobility

Information management 4 Groep T Leuven – Information department 4/24 IPv6 Solutions to IPv4 Disadvantages Huge address space Hierarchical routing infrastructure Flexible header format Improved options Provision for protocol extensions Automatic configuration and renumbering Support for resource allocation Built-in security Better support for QoS Built-in mobility

Information management 5 Groep T Leuven – Information department 5/24 Larger Address Space ~=~= ~=~= ~=~= ~=~= IPv4 32 bits or 4 bytes long 4,200,000,000 possible addressable nodes IPv6 128 bits or 16 bytes: four times the bits of IPv4 3.4 * possible addressable nodes 340,282,366,920,938,463,374,607,432,768,211,456 5 * addresses per person

Information management 6 Groep T Leuven – Information department 6/24 IPv6 Header Fragment Offset Flags Total Length Type of Service IHL PaddingOptions Destination Address Source Address Header ChecksumProtocolTime to Live Identification Version IPv4 Header Next Header Hop Limit Flow Label Traffic Class Destination Address Source Address Payload Length Version IPv6 Header Field’s Name Kept from IPv4 to IPv6 Fields Not Kept in IPv6 Name and Position Changed in IPv6 New Field in IPv6 Legend

Information management 7 Groep T Leuven – Information department 7/24 IPv6 Extension Header types Routing Header Fragmentation Header Hop-by-Hop Options Header Destinations Options Header Authentication Header Encrypted Security Payload Header Ethernet header IPv6 header Routing header Frag header Auth header ESP header TCP header Application data

Information management 8 Groep T Leuven – Information department 8/24 Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6 FeatureIPv4IPv6 Address length32 bits128 bits Header size20-60 bytes40 bytes IPSec supportOptionalRequired QoS supportSomeBetter FragmentationHosts and routersHosts only Checksum in headerYesNo Options in headerYesNo Link-layer address resolutionARP (broadcast)Multicast Neighbor Discovery Messages Multicast membershipIGMPMulticast Listener Discovery (MLD) Router DiscoveryOptionalRequired Uses broadcasts?YesNo ConfigurationManual, DHCPAutomatic, DHCP DNS name queriesUses A recordsUses AAAA records DNS reverse queriesUses IN-ADDR.ARPA Uses IP6.ARPA