1. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to IPv6

2. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 2 Lesson Objectives Limitations of IPv4 and modern day Internet Features of IPv6 Differences between IPv4 and IPv6 IPv6 terminology Case for IPv6 deployment

3. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 3 Limitations of IPv4 Exponential growth of the Internet and the impending exhaustion of the IPv4 address space Growth of the Internet and the ability of Internet backbone routers to maintain large routing tables Need for simpler configuration Requirement for security at the IP level Need for better support for real-time delivery of data—also called quality of service (QoS)

4. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 4 Consequences of the Limited IPv4 Address Space: NATs Internet 192.168.0.10 131.107.47.119 157.60.13.9 NAT Host Web server

5. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 5 NATs and Peer-to-Peer Applications Internet NAT Host A Host B Host C Intranet

6. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 6 Features of IPv6 New header format Large address space Efficient and hierarchical addressing and routing infrastructure Stateless and stateful address configuration Built-in security Better support for QoS New protocol for neighboring node interaction Extensibility

7. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 7 Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6 FeatureIPv4IPv6 Address length32 bits128 bits IPSec supportOptionalRequired QoS supportSomeBetter FragmentationHosts and routersHosts only Packet size576 bytes1280 bytes Checksum in headerYesNo Options in headerYesNo Link-layer address resolutionARP (broadcast)Multicast Neighbor Discovery Messages Multicast membershipIGMPMulticast Listener Discovery (MLD) Router DiscoveryOptionalRequired Uses broadcastsYesNo ConfigurationManual, DHCPAutomatic, DHCP DNS name queriesUses A recordsUses AAAA records DNS reverse queriesUses IN-ADDR.ARPA Uses IP6.INT

8. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 8 IPv6 Terminology Additional subnets Router Host Neighbors Host Intra-subnet router Bridge LAN segment Link Subnet Network

9. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 9 The Case For IPv6 Deployment IPv6 solves the address depletion problem IPv6 solves the international address allocation problem IPv6 restores end-to-end communication IPv6 uses scoped addresses and address selection IPv6 has more efficient forwarding IPv6 has built-in security and mobility

10. Understanding IPv6 Slide: 10 Review Limitations of IPv4 and modern day Internet Features of IPv6 Differences between IPv4 and IPv6 IPv6 terminology Case for IPv6 deployment