The Future of the Special Library Computers in Libraries Washington, D.C. March 16, 2005 R. James King Ruth H. Hooker Research Library U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

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“No sensible decision can be made any longer without taking into account not only the world as it is, but the world as it will be.” -Isaac Asimov

Outline Quick historical perspective Description of NRL Research Library Vision of future through three new units: – Information Resources & Services – Naval Research Results – Digital Library Development Other future trends

Oral teaching, students of the greats Manuscripts to extend voice and life of teaching Type from printing presses in 18 th century to speed creation and dissemination Digital and web to restore wide dissemination Evolution of Scholarly Communication

Main Campus - Washington, D.C. 3,000 Federal Employees [1,500 Scientists & Engineers] 1,000 On-site contractors 130-acre Campus116 Buildings Subject Focus Physics, Chemistry, Electronics, Oceanography, Meteorology, Space Sciences Remote Campuses Stennis, MS; Monterey, CA; and Office of Naval Research The Navy and Marine Corps’ Corporate Research Facility

Innovation in the NRL Library (Pre-Web) 1960’sPunched Card Batch Circulation System 1970’sSearching of Online Databases 1981Integrated Online Library Catalog 1983Network/Dial-in Access to Library Catalog 1986Automated Reports Catalog 1988*Lending of Microcomputer Software Self-service CD-ROM searching in Library 1989*Prototype Research Reports Imaging System 1992*InfoNet Campus-wide Information System * = cutting edge service

Innovation in the NRL Library (Web era) 1994*Library Web site created 1995*TORPEDO introduced w/APS journals 1996 Contents-to-Go alerts introduced *Web-based Library Catalog released 1997All InfoNet resources migrated to Web *Web of Science released to NRLA members 2001TORPEDO Ultra v2 and InfoWeb v2 2003NRL Online Bibliography introduced 2005TORPEDO Ultra surpasses 5M articles * = cutting edge service

NRL Research Library Mission & Vision The Ruth H. Hooker Research Library exists to enhance & support NRL scientists in accomplishing their research objectives across a range of ongoing Navy and DoD programs through a mix of information services. “Your Partner in Research”

Information Resources & Services Providing access to all published information… Journals (including digital transition)Journals (including digital transition) Books & Conference ProceedingsBooks & Conference Proceedings Reference ToolsReference Tools Reference ServicesReference Services

Journal Collection Journals: Print journals (1800-present, 1,682 titles) Online journals (1683-present, 2,574 titles) TORPEDO Ultra (1895-present, 2,200 titles) Directly deal with 180 individual journal publishers with 50+ content licenses per year

Journal Collection Evolution

Potential Future of Journal Subscriptions Mix of Open Access and For Fee Journals More targeted subscriptions with fees/access based upon specific subgroups within organization Larger consortial agreements to provide larger potential pool of titles with broader cost distribution Archival subscription for core, shared access for important, and Document Delivery for rest

Books & Conference Proceedings Books/Proceedings – 46,000 print titles with 8,700+ eBooks Primary conference proceedings publishers are SPIE, MRS, AIP, and IEEE RFIDs on entire book/reference collection

Reference Tools Print reference – 3,000 titles (Who’s Who, encyclopedia, handbooks, citation indexes, Chemical Abstracts, etc.) Online reference/databases – 3,000 titles (INSPEC, Web of Science, SciFinder, Scopus, etc.)

Naval Research Results Capturing the NRL Research portfolio… Research ReportsResearch Reports NRL Published Research ResultsNRL Published Research Results Reports Reference ServicesReports Reference Services

Research Reports Print (unclassified and classified) – 600,000 reports Digitized (SIPRnet) – 200,000 reports Microfilm – 1.5M reports Focusing on digitizing all 80k NRL reports (currently have 30k digitized)

Capturing corporate knowledge Manage a new form of information, the quasi- published corporate document Volume necessitates a mix of automated and manual processes Merge the unpublished and published information silos Embed rights language into documents

NRL Online Bibliography

NIH Proposal Require all NIH grant recipients to deposit final draft of article into PUBMED Central PUBMED will make article available to public 6 months after publication unless publisher allows sooner Zerhouni’s motivation: Research Portfolio Management

Open Access Goal: To provide free access to all scholarly literature to enhance research Journal Focus: Changing journals to free public access through author fees or ‘brief’ embargo windows Institution Focus: Capturing all pre- published literature created by an institution or on behalf of a funding body

Digital Library Development Creating the NRL Digital Library… Digital Content ManagementDigital Content Management Web Services DevelopmentWeb Services Development InfrastructureInfrastructure

TORPEDO Ultra Digital Archive 2,100+ journals from 13 publishers 6,000 tech reports 4.0M+ articles locally loaded Full content search across journals & reports Integrated citation linking Convera RetrievalWare Concept Searching

Sources of TORPEDO Ultra Content Agency publications – NRL tech reports and press releases In-house digitizing projects – Cooperative efforts with AIP, APS, OSA Data licensed from publishers – Journals (AIP, APS, Elsevier, IEEE/IEE, IoP, Kluwer) – Conference proceedings – Standards

Publishers in TORPEDO Ultra Loaded or in process Academic Press Acoustical Society of America American Institute of Physics American Physical Society American Meteorological Society Cell Press Elsevier IEEE/IEE Institute of Physics Kluwer Materials Research Society Optical Society of America Wiley

Two possible paths for Integrated Library Systems Realizing previous goal of completeness: – Source of/participation in Single Search – Easier integration/organization of digital content – Intelligent linking of content – Union and Virtual Catalogs Continued marginalization: – Legacy repository for print-based materials – Print-based serials check in – Circulation module for print-based materials

NRL Master Journal Database Core journal info: – Title(s) and subject(s) – Formats and holdings – Full content links Current and planned uses: – Source/engine of eJournal pages on Web – Administration of journal subscriptions – Navy-wide union catalog of journals – Foundation for linking services

Navy Journal Information Management System (N-JIMS) Web-based, dynamic union catalog of journal information Expands service to be comprehensive Simplify inter-organizational data sharing Provides linking services

Naval Knowledge Network Plans Expansion of existing NRL products/services – Web site with Navy Library Directory – N-JIMS and TORPEDO Ultra – Table of Contents Alerting Services Integration of various applications – Single search, intelligent linking, etc. – Web-based Subject Bibliography – N/MCI compliant Library Catalog

Wireless Standards StandardSpeed a54Mbps b “Wi-Fi”11Mbps g54Mbps “Bluetooth” & PANUp to 20Mbsp “Wi-Max”54Mbps+ Radio Frequency ID (RFID) MESH Networks

NRL RFID Implementation Deployed 50,000+ digital tags to book and reference collection Finished initial tagging in ~6 months Allows shelf reading in a couple days Checks for weeding candidates, mis-shelved, holds, and ‘missing’ material with one pass Equipment needed: – Self-checkout upgrade – Cataloging station – Handheld reader with ‘triage’ cart

NRL Wireless LAN Deployment NRL Networking deployed ‘hot spots’ in conference center, cafeteria, and library Will run on external network allowing access to Internet, but not to internal LAN Library purchasing wireless-enabled laptops Equipment deployed but not yet activated

Wardriving

The Future… Location e911 – location information coded into all phones OnStar – location and situation based response to emergencies Instant Messaging – ability to know when at computer Interactive cell phones – instant virtual interest matching service

The Future… Flexible displays

The Future… Convergence