Fleischer Tamás Institute for World Economics of HAS „Eurointegration Challenges in Hungarian-Ukrainian Economic Relations ” Joint conference of the Institute for Economic Forecasting NASU and Institute for World Economy HAS Budapest, May, COMMON EUROPEAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM, OR EXTENSION OF TRANS-EUROPEAN CORRIDORS? Implications for the Hungarian-Ukrainian relations

2 Common European transport system, or extension of Trans-European corridors? 4 Common Pan-European Corridors (PEC) V and VII 4 Záhony and Chop: the link between Ukraine and Hungary on corridor V (KIUT conference) 4 Corridors from Asia: Silk Route(s) 4 The UN ESCAP networks 4 European networks of inter-regional relations TEN, PEC (and TINA) 4 Centralised Hungarian structure of the corridors 4 Summary

3 Source: Common Helsinki, or Pan-European transport corridors Common Pan-European Corridors (PEC)

4 Conference on reviving of „The Silk Route” Conference on corridor No. 5

5 Interoperability discontinuity

6

7

8 Quality discontinuity

9

10 The old Silk routes

11 The old Silk routes

12 „The New Silk Road” - TRACECA 4 "The New Silk Road," or Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA), was enthusiastically received by European Union (EU) and the United States when it was proposed in May, 1993, by Central Asian leaders meeting with the EU in Brussels. The vision of a superhighway not only of asphalt, but of rails, pipelines, and fiber-optic cables stretching from Rotterdam to China’s Yellow Sea Coast seemed full of promise not only to firms who would build these systems, but also to those who sought to prosper from the region’s wealth in minerals, cotton, and its best-known commodities, oil and natural gas. Source:

13 The old Silk routes

14 „The New Silk Road” - TRACECA 4 In April of 1997, officials met in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi. This conference focused on connecting the western extensions of the New Silk Road to existing European transport routes through the Black Sea littoral countries, Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine. Source:

15 „The New Silk Road” - TRACECA 4 In April of 1997, officials met in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi. This conference focused on connecting the western extensions of the New Silk Road to existing European transport routes through the Black Sea littoral countries, Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine. Source: Gorshkov T – Bagaturia G TRACECA—Restoration of Silk Route. Japan Railway & Transport Review 28 Sept 2001.

16 About a plan of a transport corridor Budapest – Nyíregyháza – Nagybánya – Chisinau – Odessa (Népszabadság 8. February 2005.) Another corridor

17 About a planned transport corridor Wien – Bratislava – Kijev – Moskva – Vladivostok (Népszabadság 21. April 2005.) Another corridor

18 Asian Highway Network 2004 – UN ESCAP (=ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC)

19 4 The Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network will come into force on 4 July 2005, giving new boost to the flow of international traffic in this region. The agreement, which has so far been signed by 27 member states is stipulated to enter into force on the ninetieth day following the date on which the Governments of at least eight states have consented to be bound by the agreement. The approval of the Government of Cambodia in April satisfied this requirement. Now eight countries, namely Cambodia, China, Japan, Myanmar, Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, Uzbekistan and Viet Nam have ratified, accepted or approved the agreement. Source: Highway Network Asian Highway Network 2004 – UN ESCAP

20 4 UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 4 REPORT OF THE REGIONAL MEETING FOR DRAFTING THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT ON THE TRANS-ASIAN RAILWAY NETWORK 22 – 23 NOVEMBER 2004, BANGKOK Source: Trans-Asian Railway Network 2004 – UN ESCAP

21 Trans-Asian Railway Network 2004 – UN ESCAP

22 Trans-Asian Railway Network 2004 – UN ESCAP

23 Trans-Asian Railway Network 2004 – UN ESCAP

24 Common European transport system, or extension of Trans-European corridors? 4 Common Pan-European Corridors (PEC) V and VII 4 Záhony and Chop: the link between Ukraine and Hungary and the KIUT conference 4 Corridors from Asia: Silk Route(s) 4 The UN ESCAP networks 4 European networks of inter-regional relations: TEN, PEC and TINA 4 Hungarian structure of the corridors 4 Summary

25 Source: Az országos közúthálózat évekre szóló-fejlesztési programja 1991, KHVM. The birth of corridor thinking, renumbering the roads in 1975 TEN and its extension to the east

26 TEN and its extension to the east 4 What does the eastern extension of the TEN means ?

27 4 Extension of the grid toward the east TEN and its extension to the east

28 4 Prolongation of the east-west corridors TEN and its extension to the east

29 TEN and its extension to the east 4 Prolongation of the east-west corridors

30 TEN and its extension to the east 4 Prolongation of the east-west corridors

31 TEN and its extension to the east 4 Prolongation of the east-west corridors

32 Source: Helsinki, or Pan-European transport corridors TEN and its extension to the east

33 Hungarian interpretation of the Pan- European Corridors (PEC)

34 Levels of the Hungarian road network

35 Main elements: three east-west corridors, four north-south corridors and additional rectangular elements. The model also demonstrate two sensitive areas, the resort area of lake Balaton and the conurbation of Budapest as avoidable zones for transit. Thick line shows the suggested crossing of the country by the two most important pan-European corridors (No. 4-and No. 5) A possible inter-regional corridor network structure in Hungary

36 A possible inter-regional corridor network structure in Hungary

37 A possible inter-regional corridor network structure in Hungary

38 A possible inter-regional corridor network structure in Hungary

39 A possible inter-regional corridor network structure in Hungary Forrás: Fleischer Tamás – Magyar Emőke – Tombácz Endre – Zsikla György (2001): A Széchenyi Terv autópálya-fejlesztési programjának stratégiai környezeti hatásvizsgálata. 109 p. A Budapesti Közgazdaságtudományi és Államigazgatási Egyetem Környezettudományi Intézetének tanulmányai, 6. szám. Sorozatszerkesztő Kerekes Sándor és Kiss Károly. Budapest, 2001 december

40 And the official motorway network development plan „Sztrada express” GKM 2003

41

42 Common European transport system, or extension of Trans-European corridors? 4 Common Pan-European maps are necessary 4 Záhony / Chop: co-operation and permeability: avoiding the construction of new sharp frontier-line 4 Think in networks not just in corridors 4 Grid structure of the inter-regional networks 4 And: do not forget the other levels of domestic and local relations: without those the big corridors does not bring benefit and prosperity

Fleischer Tamás Institute for World Economics of HAS „Eurointegration Challenges in Hungarian-Ukrainian Economic Relations ” Joint conference of the Institute for Economic Forecasting NASU and Institute for World Economy HAS Budapest, May, Common European Transport System, or extension of Trans-European corridors? Implications for the Hungarian-Ukrainian relations THANKS FOR THE ATTENTION !