Regional Haze Update & Current Results Michele Notarianni Brenda Johnson EPA Region 4

EPA’s Regional Haze Program

Regional Haze (RH) SIP Status RH SIPs due : All 50 states + DC + VI + Albuquerque/Bernalillo County (NM) All 50 states + DC + VI + Albuquerque/Bernalillo County (NM) National Submittal Status: 15 final RH SIPs in (14 States; 1 County) 15 final RH SIPs in (14 States; 1 County) Region 4 Submittal Status: 6 of 15 final SIPs are R4: (AL, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN) 6 of 15 final SIPs are R4: (AL, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN) GA Draft RH SIP for EPA/FLM review; being revised into Proposed SIP for public comment – Spring ‘09 GA Draft RH SIP for EPA/FLM review; being revised into Proposed SIP for public comment – Spring ‘09 FL resolved BART issues - Draft SIP Summer ‘09 FL resolved BART issues - Draft SIP Summer ‘09

Findings of Failure to Submit SIPs EPA issued RH Findings: Federal Register published January 15, 2009, making findings of failure to submit RH SIPs Federal Register published January 15, 2009, making findings of failure to submit RH SIPs States on Findings List: 34 for NOT submitting, incl. R4 States of FL and GA 34 for NOT submitting, incl. R4 States of FL and GA 5 western states for submitting incomplete SIPs. 5 western states for submitting incomplete SIPs.Implications: By January 15, 2011: EPA must issue final Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) for states w/o SIPs…..unless those states submit final RH SIPs AND the Agency takes final action to fully approve those SIPs by this date. Notes: Notes: No mandatory Clean Air Act (CAA) sanctions for RH. Portion of 105 grant funds to develop FIP may be withheld.

Findings of Failure to Submit SIPs (ctd.) States on the “Findings List”: Source: FLM Clearinghouse

Summary of Controls Region 4 States Based on Data Submitted to Date

Source Controls under RH Program Stationary emission sources: Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) Reasonable Progress (i.e., make progress towards visibility goals) Reasonable Progress (i.e., make progress towards visibility goals) BART – 3 Parts: Eligibility (PSD category, window, PTE>/= 250 tpy VIPs) Eligibility (PSD category, window, PTE>/= 250 tpy VIPs) Subjectivity (cause/contribute to impairment at Class I area) Subjectivity (cause/contribute to impairment at Class I area) BART Control Determination (incl. 5 BART CAA factor review) BART Control Determination (incl. 5 BART CAA factor review) Reasonable Progress (RP): State flexibility to determine additional measures to meet RP goals -- (must consider 4 RP CAA factors) State flexibility to determine additional measures to meet RP goals -- (must consider 4 RP CAA factors) Area of influence (AOI) methodology (most VISTAS states) : Area of influence (AOI) methodology (most VISTAS states) : Significant SO2 sources in AOI around Class I area Emission units contributing >/= 1% visibility impairment to area

RH Control Approaches in R4 Emission Reductions From: Controls required for purposes of BART & RP Controls required for purposes of BART & RP CAIR relied on to satisfy: CAIR relied on to satisfy: BART (SO2, NOx)—PM analyzed RP (SO2)—(most VISTAS states) Exemptions from BART & RP review: Exemptions from BART & RP review: BART Eligibility: Limit PTE< 250 tpy BART Subject: Control to model<contribution threshold or meet model plant criteria RP: Control to fall below State AOI visibility impact threshold # R4 Sources Evaluated for Control: Tabulation - see next slides: Tabulation - see next slides: Includes data from 6 final R4 SIPs to date. Information not QA’d.

RH Control Results in R4 BART: (AL, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN; GA-draft) 156 potentially BART-eligible sources 156 potentially BART-eligible sources 138 exempted from further BART review 138 exempted from further BART review 97 Non-EGUs 41 CAIR EGUs (PM-only modeling) 18 BART-subject facilities evaluated 5 BART CAA factors 18 BART-subject facilities evaluated 5 BART CAA factors 9 facilities -- No Control 9 facilities -- Additional Control (3 relied on consent decrees) RP: (AL, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN; FL-prel. data, GA-draft) 76 SO2 emission units within AOI 76 SO2 emission units within AOI 45 CAIR = RP* 45 CAIR = RP* *(# reflects 14 FL EGUs covered by CAIR—FL has not determined CAIR=RP. ) 3 BART = RP 3 BART = RP 28 units evaluated 4 RP CAA factors 28 units evaluated 4 RP CAA factors No Control 4 -- Additional Control

Data Not Available – SIP Not Yet Submitted

Data Not Available – SIP Not Yet Submitted

Emission Reductions Tracking Q: How could we track sources covered by and environmental results from R4 RH SIPs? A: R4 Regional Haze Control Spreadsheet Tracks key elements related to BART and RP controls, including: Tracks key elements related to BART and RP controls, including: Emission reductions from controls Emission limits & compliance timeframes Baseline, 2018, & their difference for tons of PM, SO2, NOx from listed emission units Control type (new, existing or no control; BART PTE limit for exemption, etc.) DRAFT--data not yet QA’d. DRAFT--data not yet QA’d.

Emission Reductions Tracking (ctd) Key unit- and facility-specific information needed in RH SIPs: Pre- and post-control emissions by emission units & facility Pre- and post-control emissions by emission units & facility Exemption emission reductions & controls/permit limitations Exemption emission reductions & controls/permit limitations Implementation / compliance dates for controls Implementation / compliance dates for controls Enforcement methods (regulations, permit, consent decree, etc.) Enforcement methods (regulations, permit, consent decree, etc.) Total reductions expected by facility and state(s) Total reductions expected by facility and state(s) Many possible uses, including: 5-year midcourse SIP adequacy check and progress report - 5-year midcourse SIP adequacy check and progress report - Showing environmental results for public, reports, etc. Showing environmental results for public, reports, etc. Useful for PSD/NSR review (Especially if increases are proposed, e.g., check if BART review is triggered?) Useful for PSD/NSR review (Especially if increases are proposed, e.g., check if BART review is triggered?) Data for emissions trends reports when factored over the many SIP revisions required under RH program Data for emissions trends reports when factored over the many SIP revisions required under RH program Handy reference in developing ozone & PM2.5 SIPs Handy reference in developing ozone & PM2.5 SIPs

What’s Next? CAIR: Decisions re: EPA Actions on RH SIPs? Decisions re: EPA Actions on RH SIPs? Federal Register Actions on SIPs* *Timing & approach contingent on CAIR decisions *Timing & approach contingent on CAIR decisions Draft actions currently being prepared Draft actions currently being preparedFIPs: Work with States to get final approvable SIPs in by early 2010 Work with States to get final approvable SIPs in by early 2010 Develop & promulgate FIPs as needed by January 15, 2011 Develop & promulgate FIPs as needed by January 15, Year Progress & Adequacy Check SIP: Due 5 years after 2007 SIP: December 17, 2012 Due 5 years after 2007 SIP: December 17, 2012 Emission inventory update underway… Emission inventory update underway…Others…???

Need Information? EPA Visibility Home Website: Basic Information – incl. links to FLM websites Basic Information – incl. links to FLM websites Basic Information Basic Information Regional Haze Program Regional Haze Program Regional Haze Program Regional Haze Program Regional Planning Organizations – incl. links to 5 RPO websites Regional Planning Organizations – incl. links to 5 RPO websites Regional Planning Organizations Regional Planning Organizations Visibility in Parks and Wilderness Areas - Pollutants, photos, trends, and real-time images; incl. links to IMPROVE website Visibility in Parks and Wilderness Areas - Pollutants, photos, trends, and real-time images; incl. links to IMPROVE website Visibility in Parks and Wilderness Areas Visibility in Parks and Wilderness Areas Regulatory Actions – chronological list of EPA actions Regulatory Actions – chronological list of EPA actions Regulatory Actions Regulatory Actions EPA Air Pollution Control Cost Manual: Visibility Monitoring Networks: IMPROVE: IMPROVE: VIEWS: VIEWS:

Questions? Michele Notarianni, Regional Haze Coordinator (404) Brenda Johnson, Modeling Expert –