Anthropization of Mediterranean lagoon ecosystems:

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Presentation transcript:

Anthropization of Mediterranean lagoon ecosystems: Final Workshop of the START/MaghLAG Project Bizerte (Tunisia) 25-27 June 2012 Anthropization of Mediterranean lagoon ecosystems: impact of chemical contamination on the functioning and diversity of first pelagic trophic levels Bonjour, Monsieur Rutger De Wit de l’UMR ECOSYM (écologie des systèmes marins côtiers), de Montpellier, devait venir faire une présentation du REEET, Réseau français d’Etude des Ecosystèmes des Eaux de Transition. Il n’a malheureusement pas pu venir et m’a donc demandé de présenter le travail que je réalise actuellement au sein de son équipe. Mon travail s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un post-doctorat IRD, institut de recherche français pour le développement. Post-doctorat dans le cadre duquel je suis accueil au sein de la FSB depuis janvier 2012. Donc je vais vous présenter les 1ers résultats de l’étude que je conduis sur …. Céline LAFABRIE Olivier PRINGAULT Asma SAKKA HLAILI Christophe LEBOULANGER Rutger DE WIT

Chemical contamination Threatened/endangered ecosystems Coastal lagoons © OzCoasts (Geoscience Australia) 2012  Goods and services High productivity Nursery and feeding zones Biodiversity hotspots, etc. High anthropic pressures Urbanization Agriculture Industries Chemical contamination Threatened/endangered ecosystems

Phytoplankton High importance in geochemical cycles Fundamental roles in ecosystems functioning (O2 production, organic matter transfer…) Sensibility to xenobiotics Base of food webs → Control of upper trophic levels (“bottom-up” regulation) Photosynthetic pelagic organisms ↓ Play a major part in lagoon ecosystems

Aim of the study  Impact of chemical contamination on natural phytoplankton communities To determine effects of resuspended contaminated sediment on phytoplankton diversity and functioning To evaluate the selection pressure that chemical contamination may exert on phytoplankton communities L’objectif de notre étude est d’évaluer l’impact des contaminants chimiques sur les communautés naturelles de phytoplancton. Cette étude vise plus particulièrement (i) à déterminer quels sont les effets d’une remise en suspension de sédiments contaminés sur la diversité et le fonctionnement de ces communautés, et (ii) à évaluer la pression de sélection que les contaminants pourraient exercer sur ces communautés. Original and innovative approach Pluridisciplinarity (chemistry/biology) – Multicontamination

Urban areas and main chemical releases Bizerte lagoon Tunisia Study sites CS L M Mediterranean Sea Menzel Abderahman Bizerte Menzel Bourguiba Urban areas and main chemical releases Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), Trace metals Pesticides Trace metals Size = 11 x 13 km Area = 15 000 ha Mean depth = 8 m Max. depth = 12 m High chemical contamination pressures La lagune de Bizerte, sur le littoral nord-tunisien, est le site que nous avons choisi pour réaliser cette étude … car des sources de contamination ponctuelles sont bien localisées en différents points du bassin versant de cette lagune. Ce système constitue donc un site privilégié pour l’étude de la sensibilité et de la vulnérabilité des communautés phytoplanctoniques aux contaminants.  Interesting site to evaluate phytoplancton sensibility to contaminants N COMETE, 2005 1 km

Experimental protocol Contaminated sediment elutriate (prepared from site CS sediment and water) Phytoplancton exposition Phytoplancton (from site L and site M) Comparisons of « control microcosms » with « contaminated microcosms » Primary production Growth Specific diversity Physiological activities Cette étude est basée sur l’exposition de communautés phytoplanctoniques naturelles, d’origine lagunaire et marine, à des élutriats de sédiments contaminés… … Et l’évaluation des réponses de ces communautés à travers des mesures de … réalisées à travers des expérimentations in situ et des analyses en laboratoire. L’élutriat de sédiment contaminé est préparé à partir de sédiment prélevé au niveau du canal et correspond au surnageant obtenu après agitation et décantation du sédiment dans l’eau du milieu. In situ experiments Laboratory analyses 2 x 5-days investigations

First results Net production Respiration Nutrients seem to strongly influence responses of phytoplankton exposed to contaminated sediment elutriate, stimulating growth and counterbalancing the possible harmful effects of contaminants

FSB (Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisie) Project insertion UMR 5119 ECOSYM « Écologie des systèmes marins côtiers » (Montpellier) - M. Troussellier et M. Bouvy FSB (Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisie) Réseaux Plancton (RESEAUX) Populations planctoniques (DROP) Algues toxiques (ETDA) Benthos / Pelagos (BIP) Phytoplankton Collaboration JEAI ECOBIZ (2012-14) Ecology of south-mediterranean coastal lagoons Impact of anthropization on the diversity and functioning of first pelagic trophic levels in the Bizerte lagoon Resp.: M.N. Daly Yahia (FSB); Cor. AIRD: O. Pringault (IRD, ECOSYM)

Territoires palestiniens Perspectives North-South comparisons of coastal lagoons within the Mediterranean basin Tunisie France Espagne Italie Algérie Maroc Libye Egypte Turquie Grèce Chypre Slovénie Croatie Boznie-Herz. Monténégro Albanie Malte Syrie Liban Israël Territoires palestiniens

Major activities so far REEET - France Réseau d’Etude des Ecosystèmes des Eaux de Transition Founded in 2006 Ambition to network people working in France (including overseas) on coastal ecosystems, coastal lagoons, coral reef lagoons, estuaries => “Transitional Waters” Web-site: www.reeet.univ-montp2.fr Major activities so far Budgets LOICZ (Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) working group continues to collaborate with lagoon managers Organization of the 4th European Conference on Coastal Lagoon Research (=> EuroLag: European Coastal lagoon symposium) Ce travail s’inscrit dans la continuité des actions initiées dans le cadre du REEET.

14-18 December 2009, in Montpellier 319 participants from 21 countries 3 special issues being prepared: Hydrobiologia, Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, and Transitional Waters Bulletin Conférence qui s’est déroulée en décembre à Montpellier et qui a permis de réunir 21 pays dont un grand nombre de pays du basin méditerraneén. Cette conférence est à l’origine de numéraux spéciaux dans les revues …

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15 out of 16 published on-line 20 June – SI ECSS 15 out of 16 published on-line 20 June - Hydrobiologia SI, 7 out of 9 published on-line Plusieurs articles qui ont été présentés au cours de cette conférence sont en ligne, depuis le 20 juin, sur les sites webs des revues ECSS and Hydrobiologia.

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