Ph.D student at LMV/Chalmers Topic: Gravimetry (AG, SG) Student: Per-Anders Olsson Supervisor: Hans-Georg Scherneck (Jonas Ågren) Where? : LMV/Chalmers Financed by: LMV When? :  ??

First project – Baltic Sea Paper to Jena Why Baltic Sea? Large amplitude Not periodic Not handled (FG5) Data ”avaliable” Unique conditions Short and long term effects

Theoretical approach 1.Farrell, W.E., Deformation of the Earth by Surface Loads, Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, 10, Jentzsch, G., Earth Tides and Ocean Tidal Loading. in Tidal Phenomena, pp , eds. Wilhelm, H., Zürn, W. & Wenzel, H.-G. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg. Spherical, elastic earth Greens function for gravity Convolution of Greens function and sea surface Newtonian effect at height Load love numbers from G-B Earth Model 1 PREM reference earth model 2

Some examples …the purpose of the following is not to present any results (everything is still preliminary), I just want to give You an idea of what I am working with and hopefully get some response to that. Please, be aware…

Stations and grid 10 degree sea surfaceBaltic sea surface

One meter water (1) StationNewtonLoadingTotalNewtonLoadingTotal Arjeplog Kiruna Kramfors Kungsholmsfort Mårtsbo Onsala Skellefteå Smögen Visby Östersund Ratan Lycksele LMV Metsähovi degree sea surfaceBaltic sea surface All numbers in  gal

One meter water (2) Distribution of the loading effect

Data from SMHI (1) Stn_name Sealevel [cm] Kalix78-60 Furuogrund80-50 Ratan75-42 Spikarna70-20 Forsmark60-12 Stockholm6510 Landsort_Norra5720 Marviken4512 Oskarshamn30 Kungsholmsfort-1040 Simrishamn-3040 Skanor-6045 Klagshamn-5540 Barseback030 Ringhals3015 Goteborg355 Smogen350 Kungsvik350

Data from SMHI (2)

Data from SMHI (3) Station  g [  gal] Arjeplog Kiruna Kramfors Kungsholmsfort Mårtsbo Onsala Skellefteå Smögen Visby Östersund Ratan Lycksele LMV Metsähovi

Sensitivity of location (1) text H/10 < Theta critical < H*10

One meter water, 10 degree sea surface Station Distance from coast [m] Height (RH2000) [m] Direct attraction [ gal] Direct attraction H = 0 [ gal] Diff [ gal] Arjeplog Kiruna Kramfors Kungsholmsfort Mårtsbo Onsala Skellefteå Smögen Visby Östersund Ratan Lycksele LMV Metsähovi Sensitivity of location (2)

Long term sea level change StationDelta_g [  gal/year] Arjeplog Kramfors Kungsholmsfort Mårtsbo Onsala Skellefteå Smögen Visby Östersund Ratan Lycksele LMV Metsähovi

Storm in the Baltic Sea 1872 StationNewtonLoadingTotal Gedser Kungsholmsfort Onsala Smogen Visby Sea level in Danish foot (0.3 m) All numbers in  gal

Conclusions...

To come… … Baltic loading … Groundwater … Atmospheric loading … GIA … SG/AG