North-West Floods of September 2012 FSC TWG Presentation on findings, June

Assessment Re-cap Objectives: Re-assess the impact of flooding on food security and livelihoods six months after flooding Assess how the affected population has recovered Determine the existing needs (if any) of the affected population Assessment summary: April 1-6th, 8 agencies 26 unions of 10 upazila of 5 districts (Bogra, Gaibandah, Jamalpur, Kurigram & Sirajgonj) Puporsive sampling of worst affected areas Assessment tools were measuring similar indicators to Sept. JNA

Key Results - FS Assessment Sept. ‘12 Major Needs Communities = Food, Agr. Inputs & Shelter Repair Assessment = Food Sec & Livelihoods 47 unions (165,132 HH) Recommendations = Food support, u/c cash transfers, CFW/CFT, cash grant/provision of seeds & fertiliser for farming, nutrition causal analysis in Kurigram, strengthen health facility capacity to deliver essential nutrition interventions and detection of acute malnutrition, scale up community based nutrition promotion activities Agriculture 17/29 Uz severely damaged agriculture 27% cultivated land submerged 89% affected land was sown for Aman paddy. 80% expected to be lost 24/29 Uz damaged fisheries resources

Food Sec & Livelihood Ag. day labourers, sml & marginal farmers most affected  income opportunities  wage rate of Ag. day labourers (Jam, Kuri, Gaib) Lean season  high food price &  purchasing capacity vul. HH Coping Strategies Selling assets, migration,  meal size and frequency  HH food stock & income if no alt. cultivation likely employment crisis for Ag. day labourers Key Results - FS Assessment Sept. ‘12

Key Results by Sector – JNA April ’13 Recovery since Sept. ‘12 55% HH recovered  74,479 HH still in need of assistance Boro 55%  poor Boro prospects,  wholesale price Vegetables & fisheries 51% & 22% resumption IGA44% HH re-started Working opportunities Significantly reduced in next 6 months Non-Ag. employment  due to hartals Neg. coping strategies loans 37%, sell assets 23%, use savings 17%, migrate 30%,  meal size, frequency & nutritious foods FCS32% HH have poor or borderline FCS NutritionExcl. breastfeeding & dietary diversity below national average, GAM = national av (Kurigram high levels)

Key Results District & Sector – JNA April ‘13 BograGaibandahJamalpurKurigramSirajgonj Agriculture Food Security Nutrition Livelihoods Coping Mechanisms Income prospects

Key Findings – Agriculture Poor Boro prospects (<50%) in Gaib, Kuri, Jam & Sirj b/c cold wave & limited investment cap 24%  Boro wholesale price  daily labourer hard to buy Resume Boro Resume Vegetable Resume Fish Bogra80%20%0% Jamalpur93%73%15% Kurigram31%32%13% Gaibandah20%70%25% Sirajgonj58% 53%

Key Findings – Livelihoods Av. cash Investment to resume IGA Av. Value of resources needed to resume Homestead Gardening 259 BDT753 BDT Poultry Rearing383 BDT955 BDT Livestock4502 BDT14964 BDT % HH Resume IGA Bogra80% Gaibandah32% Jamalpur26% Kurigram52% Sirajgonj97%

Key Findings – Food Consumption Score Average expense gap to reach good FCS = 1281 BDT/ month PoorBorderline Acceptable low Acceptable high Cost to achieve Acceptable high FCS Cost gap to (poor to Acceptable high) Bogra27%68%5%0% Jamalpur6%53%30%11% Kurigram14%35%33%19% Gaibandah41%40%9%10% Sirajgonj2%23%27%48%

Key Findings – Nutrition GAM rate all districts = 14.4% (incl 4% SAM) GAM in Kurigram very high 60% did not exclusively breastfeed for 6 months 35% children 6-23 months did not eat minimum meal frequency Changes to eating patterns noted since floods (  meal size & frequency). 10% have resumed to normal

Key Findings – Coping Strategies Jan-March ‘13 Loans Taken Loan Cost Tk/month Assets Sold Savings Used Migrated Bogra30%6937%15%2% Gaibandah40%78422%14%28% Jamalpur50%131144%11%50% Kurigram33%76732%37%43% Sirajgonj32%88811%7%26%

Key Findings – Prospects Expected change in work opportunities Expected monthly income Bogra- 35%3099 Gaibandah- 31%2395 Jamalpur- 33%2737 Kurigram- 28%2372 Sirajgonj- 11%6305

Ongoing Need – Exposed to repeated shocks 3 floods in 2012, cold wave, frequent hartals Oct ‘12 JNACrop LossFisheries Loss Bogra41%67% Jamalpur51%22% Kurigram35%29% Gaibandah16%30% Sirajgonj24%9% April ‘13 JNAResumed BoroResumed Vegetable Resumed Fish Bogra80%20%0% Jamalpur93%73%15% Kurigram31%32%13% Gaibandah20%70%25% Sirajgonj58% 53%

Reason for less Boro harvest = 60% cold wave, 17% limited investment capacity Hartals/ Political unrest hampered the labor market Monsoon is knocking at the door! Ongoing Need – Exposed to repeated shocks

Ongoing Need – Comparison between NARRI/DeSHARI vs Non-beneficiary 3 out of 5 districts were covered by NARRI/deSHARI programs 75% of the HH in unions where programs present were NARRI/ DeSHARI beneficiaries FSC Borderline is still alarming in those areas despite support, which means longer term interventions are required for improving Food Consumption FCS CategoryBeneficiariesNon-Beneficiaries Critical<213%0% Borderline %40% Good >3560%

Recommendations – short term At least 48,000 HH have not recovered their assets as before the flood Priority districts = Kurigram, Gaibandah & Jamalpur Cash support with longer term focus on resilience Continue scheme construction (infrastructure) with DRR lens Partners in Kurigram to conduct nutrition causal analysis to identify context specific risks and aggravating factors for under nutrition. More in depth analysis on prevalence data via MUAC vs WHZ

Recommendations – longer term Livelihood recovery, DRR strengthening and integrated food security program Food Security and Livelihoods  Livelihood options identification (market analysis, cost- benefit analysis)  Market development (market extension process, value chain, market linkage)  Training (climate resilient livelihood skills training, risk reduction approaches, business development)  Schemes to support livelihood investments (e.g. Group savings, joint marketing initiatives, joint IGA activities etc.)

Recommendations – longer term Agriculture  Crop specific training (fertilizer, weed, disease mgt, post harvest technology, climate-resilient varieties etc.)  Local technical volunteers (linking service providers to farmers, technical advice etc.) Nutrition  Strengthen the capacity of health facilities to deliver essential nutrition interventions (e.g. IYCF counseling, nutrition & hygeine promotion, micronutrient supplememtation) and in detection, screening and referral of acute malnutrition  Scale up community based nutrition promotion activities to improve knowledge and practice of IYCF

Lessons Learnt Assessment Planning Field Activities Data Management Reporting Writing Other