1. Food Security Cluster Meeting IDB Building 8 January 2015

2. 1.Approval of minutes 2.Introduction of new Information Management Officer Mr. Mohammad Mainul Hossain Rony 3.FSC Work plan 2015 4.Flood Recovery Assessment 5.AOB AGENDA

3. Approval of Minutes 1

4. Introduction of new IMO Mr. Mohammad Mainul Hossain Rony  Icddr,b, UNFPA, IOM and FAO, BBS  Degree computer science and MBA in operations management 2

5. FSC Work plan 2015 3 Coordination  Map out a government engagement strategy  Lessons learned on Northern Flood Response  Earthquake Simulation exercise  Procurement of various visibility items (multi-media) Information Management  IM capacity building workshop  Workshop on managing data for GIS and analysis  Develop mobile data collection applications  Training on the use of mobile data collection  Assessment of organisational capacity to conduct mobile data collection program Needs Assessment  As required IPC  Level 1 Training  Data Analysis Training  Acute Analysis

6. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  5 Districts (Kurigram, Gaibandha, Jamalpur, Bogra and Sirajganj)  10 Upazilas  30 Unions across engaging  360 households  60 Focus Group Discussions  10 Key Informant Interviews  Union Parishad Help Line Survey  District Livestock Officer - over phone Methodology Context Food Security, Nutrition, Shelter and Early Recovery Assessment In Flood Affected Areas of North-west Bangladesh August 2014 Thanks to Care, Oxfam and Muslim Aid, ACF, Concern World Wide, Save the Children, DanChurch Aid and WFP

7. Dependence on External Support 4  In Kurigram approximately 70% of HH surveyed stated they were still partially dependent on food or cash support means 20% above the average.  According to HH surveys, the most common assistance was food, receiving an average of 12 kg food items and it supported them for 10 days.

8. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  Employment in the agricultural sector is yet to return to normal - marginal farmers and agri- day labourers have not fully recovered.  Predictably the amount of HH claiming non- agri day-labour as their primary income source has significantly increased. Impact on livelihood groups Table: Primary income sources, before and after flood Primary income category Before FloodAfter Flood No.% % change Ag. Wage labour16044135 66 Own farming481330 55 Share cropping32922 33 Non ag. Day labour29867  11 Lease farming1756 33 Trade/own business17515 11 Rickshaw/van puller134160 Skilled labour12390 Fisherman8211 11 Salary/Employed103 11

9. Flood Recovery Assessment 6  Due to the reduction in agri- employment opportunities there is a squeeze on non-agricultural labour  There is a corresponding reduction in wages across both sectors Implications for markets and labour  For the majority of HH assessed the average # of work days per week is 2.5 or less  Monthly income is now below the average monthly food expenditure for many HH between 200 – 800 Tk (Bogra and Kurigram)

10. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  While instances of reduced nutritional intake was registered by some HH, the most common coping strategy was loan taking  Loans were predominantly in the 2000-5000tk range but almost a quarter of those surveyed have taken loans of up to 10,000tk.  Over 70% of women surveyed in FGD were likely to eat less, or less preferred food as a primary coping strategy, and 13% said they were forced to restricted food to children as a primary coping strategy. Coping Strategies Average Loan Tk Sample size Bogra774125 Gaibandha753370 Jamalpur491836 Kurigram475978 Sirajganj679594 Average6,349 Tk

11. F OOD S ECURITY AND N UTRITION 7  Average meal consumption dropped across all age groups  Based on the food consumption scores, about 16% of the total HH surveyed have ‘Poor’ consumption and 60% have ‘Borderline” food consumption.  Kurigram district has the highest percentage of households (39%) with poor food consumption, whereas households with borderline food consumption was higher (over 70%) in Jamalpur and Gaibandha. Avg. Meal consumption (times per day) Before floodAfter Children (2- 5yrs)2.92.5 Boy/Girls (5 -18yrs)2.82.6 Female (>18yrs)2.72.4 Male (>18yrs)2.82.3 Elderly (>60yrs)2.62.3 Total2.82.4

12. F OOD S ECURITY AND N UTRITION (Cont.) 7 The results indicate that access to protein source is highly inadequate for the Northern districts and 93% of households reported that they have struggled to access essential items since the flood; The two main reasons cited were 1) high price of food/lack of money to purchase food and 2) inaccessible roads to access markets. Only 4% of children are meeting the minimum dietary diversity which compares poorly with the national average of 24 % (BDHS 2011). Over 90% women consumed inadequately diversified diet (<5 food groups out of 9) Overall, the results point to a highly vulnerable situation that could easily slide to serious under nutrition rates if not checked.

13. C OPING S TRATEGIES 8 Household have to pay back 6655 Tk on an average  Taking loan at high interest – 25%  Livelihood Change – 22%  Support from relatives – 15%  Selling of advance labour – 13%  Spending Savings – 8%

14. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  According to government D-forms, Kurigram and Jamalpur have suffered the most significant damages to crop land  Over 90% of farmers within the affected area have completely lost their aman harvest and few have any remaining stock from last harvest  77% farmers believe upcoming rice yields will be below 50% of an average harvest due to limited access to funds or an land remains unsuitable for cultivation Agricultural impacts Partially damaged Completely damaged Total damage Permanent cropped area Temporary cropped area Total areaPercent of area Gaibanda5782,4403,0181,591145,167146,7582% Kurigram5,16943,31048,4794,128118,920123,04839% Bogra2,08620,47922,5651,835223,308225,14310% Jamalpur7,81831,14238,9601,758133,455135,21329% Sirajganj7,5092,49810,0072,887168,174171,0616% Total23,16099,869120,58912,199789,024801,22315%

15. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  It is estimated that almost 114,000 people remain displaced (approximately half the number estimated in the JNA).  Four Upazilas increased in numbers, most notably Fulchari (Gaibandha) where there the Union Uria reports 7000 people (up from 1500) currently residing in local flood shelters  Over 40,000 people are living on embankments or roadsides Ongoing displacement

16. Flood Recovery Assessment 8 Shelter  Major support should be provided to repair/reconstruct of different elements of the houses, mainly the walls and structural frames  Approximately 65% of HH respondents indicated repair costs would be less than 30,000Tk, the remaining 35% would be under 50,000Tk.  The primary material needed for construction were CGI sheets, bamboo and timber.

17. Flood Recovery Assessment 9 Early recovery  Inadequate employment opportunities (46%), loss/damage of agricultural lands (26%) and insufficient financial resources (24%) were reported as major constraints for resumption of primary livelihoods of the affected families Most of the affected households reported that the resumption of their livelihoods would take more than 3 months period. Many of them also reported that the time period is not known to them. Community Community infrastructures especially embankments, roads and educational institutes were affected by the flood.

18. Flood Recovery Assessment 9 Recovery Needs

19. Flood Recovery Assessment 9 Recovery Needs

20. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  The gap analysis consolidated cash inputs from Narri, Deshari, WFP, Tdh and additional food and NFIs from Care.  53,086 HH living in extreme poverty have received no form of non- government assistance  Encouragingly the majority of ‘Hard to Reach’ unions were reached with assistance Gap Analysis

21. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  53,086 HH living in extreme poverty have received no form of non- government assistance  Over 20,000 HH remain displaced  There is a lack of skilled labour to address shelter reconstruction  Employment opportunities have not recovered and both men and women listed as their second priority behind food or cash  Significant areas of agricutural land remain damaged  Household debt is increasing with average debt around 6,500Tk.  Average meal consumption dropped across all age groups  Monthly income is now below the average monthly food expenditure for many HH between 200 – 800 Tk (Bogra and Kurigram) Key messages

22. Flood Recovery Assessment 4  Approximately $1.5 million is required o meet the 800Tk monthly shortfall in food expenditure for three months the  Standard packages?  The FSC urge members to coordinate through mechanisms such as the 4Ws and Cash Working Group Key messages

23. Thank you