Normal X-ray

NORMAL X-RAY HEART TRACHEA AORTIC KNOB (ARCH) CARINA HILUM COSTOPHRENIC SULCUS DIAPHRAGM

How to read an x-ray? 1. Start from upper Abdomen 2. Look at Thoracic cage (soft tissues and bones) 3. Mediastinum 4. Lung- unilateral 5. Lung- bilateral A T M L L

ABDOMEN Gastric bubble

THORAX (BONES) Ribs Sternum Spine Shoulder girdle Clavicles

THORAX (SOFT TISSUES) Breast shadows Supraclavicular areas Axillae Tissues along side of breasts

MEDIASTINUM TRACHEA AORTIC KNOB (ARCH) CARINA HILUM HEART

MEDIASTINUM Heart size on PA Right side Inferior vena cava Right atrium Ascending aorta Superior vena cava

LUNGS First look - start from right costophrenic angle then left lung and costophrenic angle Second look – side by side comparison of the lungs

LUNG FIELDS AND HILA Hilum Lungs Blood vessels Pulmonary arteries Pulmonary veins Lungs Linear and fine nodular shadows of pulmonary vessels Blood vessels