Software Analysis Tools Northeast Asian Power Grid Interconnection Shenzhen，May 7, 2002 Software Analysis Tools Felix Wu University of Hong Kong

Software Tools: Functions Planning tools Cost / benefit analysis of alternative plans Financial risk assessment Feasibility of plans: identify potential operating disasters Operating tools Engineering design Operational procedure Data requirement Interactions of the tools

Interactions of Software Tools Planning tools: Benefits - Economy - Environment Investments Risk Investment decisions Operation tools: Performance analysis -Stability Control system design Schematic update

Investment Decision Support Investment costs Fixed cost Operating costs Calculating capital costs Assumptions Accounting practice Estimating operating costs How the system operates Plant availability Merit order loading (Unit commitment and economic dispatch) Production costing simulation

Production Simulation Simulate power system operation To calculate production cost From each generator and for the whole system Energy, fuel, pollution, etc. Load Forecast load-A. Generation Existing generation A Export to B Merit order Load Forecast load-B Generation Existing generation B Import from the interconnection. Merit order

Production Costing Simulation Load (GW) Annual Load Curve (Week)

Production Costing Simulation Load (GW) Annual Load Curve

Probabilistic Production Costing Taking into account of uncertainties in generator scheduling, forced outages, hydro availability, etc. Multi-year breaking down to a series of monthly or weekly simulations Output provides information of Fuel usage and cost Pollution generated Reliability level (Loss of load probability) System marginal cost Can be used to assess benefits (economical and environmental) of interconnection. Data requirements

Data Input data Output data Main tool in generation planning Load demand (peak load growth and load shape) Generator capacity, availability, fuel type, heat rate, start-up/ shutdown cost, pollution generation Fuel cost Output data System reliability System and individual generator operating cost (fuel, O&M), emission….. Main tool in generation planning

Multi-area Production Costing Two approaches Simultaneous simulation External input Determine transfer capability between areas Rated and actual Transmission planning tool Estimate transfer schedule Model import as generator and export as load in production costing Deterministic or probabilistic modeling

Generation Planning Requirement for generation addition Reliability (Loss of load probability) What, where, when and how much to add Scenario study Optimization approach Production costing

Commercial Software Packages PROSYM UPLAN EGEAS

PROSYM Developed by Henwood Energy Services. More than 80% of utilities in the North American use it. Scenario modeling Stand-alone production costing or comprehensive optimal generation planning. Detailed representation of performance, cost and constraint characteristics of physical and financial resources

UPLAN Developed by LCG Consulting Advanced algorithms to simplify computations PC based Multi-area capability

EGEAS Developed by Stone and Webster for EPRI (USA). Advanced optimization techniques Detailed production costing

Transmission Planning Siting Route selection Capacity Costing Scenario generation Performance analysis Fixed configurations (snap shot) Power flows, optimal power flows, stability

Data Requirements Input data Output data Transmission network Configuration Parameters Generation configuration Cost Load Output data Power flow pattern Constraint violations

Software Packages PSAPAC (EPRI, USA) DSA Power Tools (PowerTech Labs, Canada) PSS/E (Power Technologies, Inc. USA) EuroStage (EDF) Netomac (Siemans) Power System Toolbox (Cherry Tree)

PSAPAC Comprehensive modeling Advanced algorithms Accurate and reliable performance Extensive data requirement Elaborate output

Major Components of PSAPAC INFLOW: Interactive power flow analysis ETMSP: Extended transient and mid-term stability program SSSP: Small signal stability program VSTAB: Voltage stability analysis DYREN: Dynamic reduction program

Power System Toolbox Characteristics Capability Functions A set of coordinated Matlab files Source code availability Capability Designed for small to medium sized system (800 nodes, 200 generators) Functions Load flow Transient stability Small signal stability

Calibration of Tools UPLAN PST PROSYM PSAPAC Planning Operation UPLAN PST PROSYM PSAPAC More detailed modeling More data

Conclusion For the Northeast Asian Power Interconnection Study, the following factors should be considered in the selection of software tools Achievement of objectives Minimum data requirement Commonly used Transparent Ease of use

Conclusion For a preliminary study, we recommend that For a particular analysis, a software is selected as the defacto standard The interface between countries are specified according to the data requirement of that software Each member country can use the standard software or their own software for their part of the analysis The results are shared with the group Nautilus conducts an overall study and also provides assistance to each member country.

Conclusion We recommend that UPLAN and Matlab/PST be used initially for the preliminary study. More sophisticated tools may be used for future engineering analysis.