Chapter 24 An Age of Modernity Anxiety, and Imperialism,

Women’s Rights Divorce Family and marriage laws were focused on divorces and property rights. Men controlled the property of women. New laws were not very successful.  1870 (GB), 1900 (G), and 1907 (F) Right to Own Property

Women’s Rights New Professions Women Gained Access to Higher Education. Women pushed to gain access to jobs in teaching and in the medical field (Nurses).

Women's Rights Voting Rights “Voting Rights were the Key to All Reforms”. Millicent Fawcett Focused on showing that women would use political power responsibly if they received the right to vote. Emmeline Pankhurst (Women’s Social and Political Union) Recruited middle and upper class women and wanted to use the media to gain attention for their cause. Labeled Suffragettes and threw eggs at government officials, chained themselves to lamp posts, smashed windows of stores, burned railroad cars, and went on hunger strikes.

The New Woman Bertha von Suttner Focused her efforts in fighting for peace in Europe. Maria Montessori Developed a way of teaching which was successful with mentally challenge students. Her idea that students would learn well by doing natural and spontaneous activities. This provided the basis for Montessori schooling today.

Politics: New Directions and New Uncertainties The Movement for Women’s Rights: Demands of Women Amalie Sieveking ( ) Florence Nightingale ( ) Clara Barton ( ) Growing demands of suffragists Emmeline Pankhurst ( ) Women’s Social and Political Union Publicity Peace movements Bertha von Suttner ( ) The New Woman Maria Montessori ( ) New teaching materials Began the system of Montessori schools

Jews within the European Nation-State Anti-Semitism Actions against Jews Many emigrate Theodor Herzl ( ) The Jewish State, 1896 Zionism

Anti-Semitism in Austria and Germany Karl Lueger (Vienna) German Nationalism blamed Jews for the Corruption of German Culture Adolf Hitler Developed his “world view” which was based on violten German nationalism and rabid anti-Semitism. Adolf Stocker’s (Christian Social Workers) Focused on gaining votes from middle and lower class groups and blamed the Jews for the economic conditions.

Persecution of Jews in Eastern Europe Eastern Europe The treatment of Jews was the worst in eastern Europe. (72% Jewish) Russian Jews Limited opportunities in education. Forced to live in specific regions of the country. Pogroms (Organized Massacres) became common.  Jews left for Canada, America, and Palestine.

Zionist Movement* Jewish Nationalist Movement The creation of a Jewish state which would allowed Jews who were persecuted to have a place to live was the main objective. First Zionist Congress (1897) Proclaimed the creation of a “home in Palestine”. A few thousand Jews immigrated to the area. LITTLE PROGRESS MADE

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