Kim Workman Director Rethinking Crime and Punishment Get a copy of paper at: - ‘New on the Website’ The Social Integration of Māori Prisoners

Tikanga Māori and the Criminal Justice System Breach of tapu Violation of spiritual wellbeing Hara A wrongdoing Mana Reputation, prestige, charisma of person or group of people Utu Rectification through a reciprocal act Whakahoki Mauri Restoring the balance, community peace and wellbeing

Key Concepts in Social Integration Traditional Rehabilitation - full restoration to the former offender of all rights and responsibilities – Public Safety – the maintenance of community peace and wellbeing Contemporary Rehabilitation – a means or mechanism for reducing crime Public Safety – the protection of the public from those who are perceived as a risk to the community

Characteristics of Desistance Primary Desistance – the cessation of offending Secondary Desistance - a change in the way that an ex- offender seems him or herself Values the Idea of Hope - supporting offenders to see themselves in a new and more positive light, with hope for the future Promotes development of social capital Recognises that change is a process, not an event Offers the promise of redemption

Whakahoki Mauri Anzac’s Case Public feasting, de- stigmatisation ritual Community embrace and reinstatement Use of skills to contribute to social development Reinstatement provided opportunity to ‘make good’ Whānau support Principle Presumption of Rehabilitation The Presence of Hope Identification of existing strengths to enhance social well being The Offer of Redemption Whānaungatanga

A Māori Prisoner Social Integration Strategy Is more likely to : – Be based on kaupapa Māori values – Fully engage whānau, the wider Māori community, Māori service providers and staff; –Align with the government’s whānau ora strategy; – Engage with government outcomes beyond the justice sector; – Promote restorative practice;

Characteristic Strategies The released prisoner: –Makes amends, demonstrates value and potential, makes positive contributions to community. –Engages in rituals of de-stigmatisation –Becomes a taker rather than a giver –Produces things the community needs –Become “wounded healers” - kaiarahi, community workers etc. –Engage in mutual reconciliation with whanau and victims –Demonstrate nurturing behaviour

Conclusion Reinstate meaning of rehabilitation Redefine ‘public safety’ as achieved when community peace and balance is restored, and a collective sense of well-being is achieved; Assist,ex-prisoners to internalise change and establish a positive, pro-social identity. Build social capital as well as human capital; More emphasis on building community support and cohesion, rather than risk management of offenders Recognise the fundamental role of whanau and whanaungatanga

You can download a copy of this presentation at: “New on the Website”

Kim Workman Director Rethinking Crime and Punishment Get a copy of paper at: “New on the Website” The Social Integration of Māori Prisoners