Asexual Reproduction in Protists & Monerans AND Comparing Sexual & Asexual Reproduction

GOAL To compare sexual and asexual reproduction in animals, protists and monerans

Define (glossary p. 731) fertilization

Facts: previous knowledge 1.Male sex cell is called the __________ 2. Female sex cell is called the __________ 3. All body cells have ________ chromosomes; sex cells have _____ each so when they join together there will be a full set of 46

Animals: Sexual Reproduction 1. Animals, some plants, fungi, protists 2. 2 parents= male & female 3. Sex cells (Gametes) Male= sperm Female= egg Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Sexual Reproduction Process: Sperm fertilizes egg to form zygote (single cell) Zygote divides repeatedly until it forms an embryo

Sexual Reproduction Process: Embryo develops into a fetus (begins to look like parents) Offspring is born

Sexual Reproduction Diagram Create a flow chart with pictures to explain the process of sexual reproduction. Label the sperm, egg, zygote, cell division, embryo & fertilization point

Fertilization Animation

Fertilization Animation

Numbers of offspring Humans- 1 Elephant/horse- 1 Cat- 4/5 Dog- 1/12

Animals: Sexual Reproduction 5. Appearance of offspring a. Two parents b. Two sets of chromosomes c. Two sets of genes d. Genes mix- traits from both parents Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Animals: Sexual Reproduction 6. Number of chromosomes In human body cells = 46 chromosomes In human sex cells = 23 chromosomes Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Animals: Sexual Reproduction 7. Egg (23) + sperm (23) = 46 chromosomes Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Animals: Sexual Reproduction 8. Once fertilization is completed, zygote divides by mitosis (asexual reproduction) Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Review: Sexual Reproduction in Animals Describe the process of fertilization

Review: Sexual Reproduction in Animals Describe the development of an organism immediately after fertilization

Review: Sexual Reproduction in Animals Compare the number of chromosomes in sex cells with the number of chromosomes in body cells

Asexual Reproduction Methods Algae, amoeba bacteria growing animals, plants and fungi

Asexual reproduction Cloning http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cloning/ Binary fission http://www.classzone.com/books/hs/ca/sc/bio_07/animated_biology/bio_ch05_0149_ab_fission.html

Asexual reproduction Budding http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=489CSop00sY Regeneration http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7cXeWxxfD4&feature=related

Asexual reproduction Asexual reproduction http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/asexualreproduction/

Asexual Reproduction Methods Binary Fission 1. Bacteria 2. Organism divides in half 3. 2 identical daughter cells produced (half the size of their parent) 4. Daughter grows to parental size- then divides

Binary Fission Images

Binary Fission Images

Binary Fission Clips

Asexual Reproduction Methods Budding 1. Small bud grows out of parent cell (with identical DNA) 2. Bud breaks off when large enough Ex. Hydra, potato

Hydra Budding Images

Asexual Reproduction Methods Regeneration 1. Living things repair themselves by growing lost body parts from remaining cells 2. Ex: lobsters, starfish, lizards

Regeneration Pictures

Asexual Reproduction Methods Cloning 1. Making exact copies of organisms – gets DNA from only one parent cell 2. Ex. Dolly the sheep

Cloning pictures

Comparing Asexual & Sexual Reproduction Create a T-chart to compare the following: How many parents? Are sex cells needed? What numbers of chromosomes are involved? (at the beginning and at the end) Are offspring different from or identical to parents and why? What types of organisms?

What are the advantages of each: Asexual- Sexual-

ANSWERS: ADV. Sexual- variation in traits evolution asexual- no mate needed DISADV.

Comparing Reproduction Types ASEXUAL 46 --> 46 One parent Cells produced are identical to the parent- no gene mixing No Some plants, animals, and fungi SEXUAL 23 + 23 --> 46 Two parents Cells produced are different from their parents- due to gene mixing Yes Bacteria, amoeba, algae, growing plants, animals, and fungi

Websites Animal Reproduction Animations Animal Life Cycles