Water Purification and Treatment

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Presentation transcript:

Water Purification and Treatment

Natural Water Purification 1. Evaporation 2. Bacterial Action 3. Filtration

Purifying Water through the Hydrologic Cycle

Purifying Water through the Hydrologic Cycle 1. The sun provides energy for water to evaporate this resembles the process of distillation Evaporation leaves behind minerals, heavy metals, and other dissolved substances.

Purifying Water through the Hydrologic Cycle Water vapor condenses and falls as precipitation  raindrops and snowflakes are nature’s purest form of water containing only dissolved atmospheric gases However, human activities release a number of gases into the air making today’s rain less pure than it used to be

Purifying Water through the Hydrologic Cycle 2. Bacterial Action When raindrops strike the soil, they collect impurities But, as the water seeps through the ground the bacteria in the soil feed on those impurities and repurify the water

Purifying Water through the Hydrologic Cycle 3. Filtration As water seeps further into the ground, it passes through gravel, sand, and rock This allows bacteria and suspended matter to be filtered out

Municipal Water Purification Major Steps 1. Screening 2. Prechlorination 3. Flocculation 4. Settling 5. Sand Filtration 6. Post chlorination 7. Optional Further Treatment Read article on pages 88-89 and define these terms Ended here with period 8

Chlorination of Water Read article on page 90 and outline the 3 methods of chlorination. What is a potential problem with water chlorination?

Chlorination and THM’s Ways to eliminate THM health risk 1. Pass water through activated charcoal filter. Can get rid of THM’s but expensive to install and operate. 2. Use ozone or UV light instead of chlorination Won’t protect the water from contaminants once it has left treatment plant

Hard Water Hard Water is water containing an excess of dissolved calcium (Ca2+) ions, magnesium (Mg2+) ions, or iron (III) (Fe3+) ions As water flows through limestone, chalk, and other rocks, these ions seep into the water

US Groundwater Hardness Is Your Water Hard or Soft? http://activerain.com/blogsview/740275/Is-Your-Water-Hard-or-Soft-Knowing-Could-Save-You-Costly-Repairs

How do we soften water??? Water Softening Lab 3 ways 1. Sand Filtration 2. Treatment With Calgon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjNRXfRXnoc 3. Treatment with an Ion-Exchange Resin http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCg-I5U9X3w