Name: _____________________ Date: ______ / Page #: _____Notes – Minerals & Rocks Mr. Jensen / Period _____

Minerals Naturally occurring uniform (homogeneous) substances that are ___________. (Not formed by or from living things.) Minerals have definite __________ and __________ properties. Only a few minerals are found everywhere making up most of the rocks on Earth. –Quartz, Feldspar, Calcite, Mica, Magnetite __________ and __________ make up for most of the mass of these minerals.

Rocks Most rocks are composed of one or more minerals –One mineral = _____________ –Two or more = _____________ Geologists classify rocks based upon their __________

Rock Types 1._______________ 2._______________ 3._______________

Sedimentary Rocks Most are composed primarily of the _________ ________ of other rocks. Usually formed by ___________ and ______________ of ____________. Grains are usually rounded by abrasion and deposited in layers. Relatively thin layer at the earth’s surface.

Igneous Rocks Form by the ____________ of molten __________ or ________. From the __________ ______ size we can infer the rate of __________. –Very Fast cooling can produce a _________ (no visible crystals) –Slow cooling allows visible crystals to form –Crystal size often varies with depth of formation Deep – slow cooling with large crystals

Metamorphic Rocks Form when sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic rocks are changed by ________ and/or ____________. _____________________ without melting. Change deep within the earth. Metamorphic rocks often show ____________ (mineral alignment – Ex. schist) or _________ (separation of minerals – Ex. Gneiss) and high in density.