TRIATHLON AUSTRALIA NOAS Level 2 Technical Official’s Training Programme – Advanced Level Officiating Principles 1 Version 4 June 2013

COURSE CONTENT  Introduction  Unit 1: Advanced Self Management  Unit 2: Managing the Competition Environment  Unit 3: Advanced People Management  Unit 4: ITU Competition Rules 2

GROUND RULES  Mobile phones on silent please  Participate fully  Be open to learning new things  Be supportive  Please avoid side conversations  Listen to others  Have fun! 3

INTRODUCTION 4

International Triathlon Union (ITU) - sole governing body Founded in 1989 – First World Championships Triathlon Australia (TA) is a founding member Olympic sport since 2000 History

 Triathlon came to Australia in the early 1980s  The first State Associations were formed in late 1984  In May 1986 the Triathlon Federation of Australia was formed  In 1991 the name was changed to Triathlon Australia (TA)  TA is part of the Oceania Triathlon Union along with New Zealand, PNG, Samoa etc. History

Our Events Major Games Olympic, YOG, Asian, Pan-American, Commonwealth Triathlon World Championships (Part of World Triathlon Series) Elite, U23, Junior, AG Olympic, AG Sprint, Paratriathlon Triathlon World Cups Triathlon Continental Championships Triathlon Continental Cups Multisport Events Triathlon, Paratriathlon, Cross Triathlon, Winter Triathlon, Aquathlon, Duathlon

APPLICATION OF THE RCR  The interpretation and application of the RCR shall be consistent with the status of the event  Mass participation “come and try” events – focus on education  National series or prize money events – focus on enforcement  Internationally televised events – focus on product  In all types of events, SAFETY IS NOT COMPROMISED PRODUCT EDUCATIONENFORCEMENT ITU event National Champs or Ironman Local event - with prize money Local event - no prize money “Come and Try” event

Advanced Self Management UNIT 1 9

 Career path  Where do you see yourself in 5+ years?  Professional development plan  TA State/National Calendar – pick events  EOI for events – don’t forget to apply!  Seeking assistance with personal development  Engage with colleagues, friends, work mates etc. to build your confidence and skills  Funding and self-funding DEVELOPING OFFICIATING SKILLS 10

 On-going liaison with advisors and colleagues  Utilising technology  Personal self reflection PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS 11

 Assessing mental readiness  Controlling/modifying mental approach  What is your personal mental preparation plan  Group Activity – You are RR for the Bribie Island Triathlon. This is your first race and the weather forecast is not looking ideal, plus this will be your first race briefing. Work in pairs to list the key things you would do to mentally prepare for the event. MENTAL SKILLS 12

Advanced Managing the Competition Environment UNIT 2 13

 Pre-event preparation  Review of event material  Recruit and allocate TO’s  Communicate with the Race Director  Contact TO’s and confirm attendance  Collect everything you need:  RCR Rules and Policy Document  Penalty Forms and Event Report  Relevant paperwork (maps, sanction docs etc.)  TO Gear (radios, vests, penalty box gear)  Your gear! COMPETITION MANAGEMENT 14

 On the Day  Arrive first on the FOP and greet your officials  Allocate roles and brief officials  Distribute relevant gear  Get officials into position  Transition for bike check etc.  Meet with Race Director  Check water temperature and post outcome  Checked the course (medical, penalty box etc.)  Locate motorcycles etc.  Set time and location for TO bebrief COMPETITION MANAGEMENT 15

 Preparation  Delivery  Components  Swim – course cutting, assistance  Transition – helmets, bikes, gear, no riding  Cycle – drafting, blocking, littering, penalty box  Run- outside assistance, littering  Queries – Race Referee  Group Activity: Have each person in the class present a section of a briefing for the Bribie Island Triathlon RACE BRIEFING

 Allocate TO’s to penalty boxes and provide paperwork  Check location and signage for Penalty Box(es)  Brief Officials on PB procedure:  Athlete number is recorded and timer started  Athlete must stand still and hold on to their bike and any gear  If an athlete moves out of the penalty box for any reason the time begins again  Release the athlete once the penalty has been served  Complete paperwork  Return all forms to the Race Referee.  Reconcile activities with the Chief Cycle or RR PENALTY BOX PROCEDURE

 Sanction document review  Provide verbal & written reports  Handle objections/protests/appeals  Ensure all TO gear is collected and returned  Vests  Helmets  Penalty Box Material  Radios ADMINISTRATION 18

 Undertaking a risk assessment  Developing & implementing a risk management plan  Responding to identified problems MANAGING RISK 19

RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS 5 Treat the risk 4 Evaluate the risk 3 Analyse the risk 2 Identify the risk 1 Establish the context 20

RISK MANAGEMENT PLANNING  What is the source of the risk?  What can happen?  What will the consequences be?  How are you going to address the risk?  What is your contingency plan?  Risks can be categorised into three areas:  Environment  Program  Personnel 21

A RISK MANAGEMENT PLANNER Risk IdentificationStrategies to minimise risk WhenWho What is the source of the risk? Equipment is unstable What can happen? Equipment could fall What will the consequences be? The participant may sustain serious injury…Participation numbers may fall due to unsafe practices…I may be sued for negligence Remove the risk…. Remove the equipment Or Reduce the risk….. Stabilise or lower the equipment ImmediatelyThe official 22

Group Activity: Work in pairs complete a risk assessment and solution exercise for the following scenario: Group Activity: Work in pairs complete a risk assessment and solution exercise for the following scenario: You are the RR for the Bribie Triathlon and checking the forecast on the BOM site:

INSURANCE FOR OFFICIALS  Types of Insurance  Personal Accident: covers an injury or loss to the official  Public Liability: covers loss or damage to property, or injury due to negligence, to a member of the public  Professional Indemnity: covers the official if they have given an instruction that a participant acts on and is injured or if the official failed to give an instruction and a participant is injured  Some policies require the official to be insured at the time of a claim, which could occur years after the actual incident occurred. 24

GROUP ACTIVITY – Assessment of Sanction Document  Kingscliffe Triathlon  Number of athletes = 1,000  Number of motorbikes = 4  Number of TO’s = 7  You will be split into groups and will review the sanction documents. Each group will also allocate the TOs they need:  Group 1 – Pre Race/Start/Swim  Group 2 – Transition/Cycle  Group 3 – Run/Finish/Post Race 25

PENALTIES, PROTESTS & APPEALS 26

NOTIFICATION OF PENALTIES  Technical Official’s Responsibilities  Gain the attention of the competitor  Confirm the competitor’s race number  Show the Yellow or Red Card and inform the competitor of the rule infringement and  Advise the competitor of what action needs to be taken:  Stop-Start penalty on the course  Proceed to the Penalty Box for a Time or Stop-Start Penalty  Competitor Conduct  When shown a Yellow or Red Card by a Technical Official, a competitor must:  Confirm with the Technical Official their race number; and  Acknowledge and obey any instruction from the Technical Official

PENALTIES  The following types of penalties may be applied for a rule infringement:  Stop – Start Penalty  Time Penalty  Disqualification

PENALTIES  Stop – Start Penalty  This is an on the spot penalty for a minor infringement served with a Technical Official either on the spot or in the Penalty Box.  The competitor must:  Stop with Technical Official  Listen to and acknowledge any verbal instructions  Proceed when the Yellow Card has been withdrawn and it is safe to do so or the Technical Official advises to do so

PENALTIES  Time Penalty  To be served at a designated area on the cycle course (Penalty Box)  For the Swim and Run segments (and also aquathlons) the TD and/or RR should discuss with the Race Director as to whether a time penalty should apply in these segments. If a time penalty is to apply it will be 3 minutes Cycle Course DistanceTime Penalty Up to and including 40km3 minutes 40.1km and above5 minutes 30

PENALTIES  Disqualification  This is awarded by the Race Referee  on personal observation  as a result of a report made by a Technical Official  or a finding by the Competition Jury  This removes the competitor as a finisher from the results of the event  2 or more Yellow Card violations during an event will be confirmed by the RR as a disqualification  Disqualifications are posted on the Penalties Notice Board usually near the Finish

NOTIFICATION OF PENALTIES  Red Card Violations  Where a red card has been shown the TO must inform the competitor that they can continue and that a ruling will be made at the completion of the event  If the RR disqualifies the competitor, the ruling must be posted in a prominent location  The RR may wish to speak to the competitor  Any postings NOT made within 1 hour of the last competitor finishing the event are invalid  TOs MUST fill out a Violation Report

INFRINGEMENT FLOW CHART Infringement (Competitor) Red Card / Yellow Card (Technical) Report Lodged (Technical Official) Report Assessed (Race Referee) No further action Warning Disqualification (Race Referee) Disq. Advised (Race Referee)

PROTESTS  If a competitor has a concern regarding a penalty they have the opportunity to lodge a protest. This must be lodged with the RR within certain time limits  A protest cannot be made on an action that has already been adjudicated.  A protest cannot be made on a judgment call by a TO

PROTESTS  A competitor has the opportunity to protest about other aspects of the event, such as:  the Course  eligibility  Equipment  another Competitor or an Official  timekeeping  If they wish to lodge a Protest they must do this with the Race Referee within the guidelines in the TA RCR

PROTEST FLOW CHART Protest Lodged (Competitor) Protest Assessed (Race Referee) Protest dismissed (Race Referee) Competitor advised (Race Referee) Protest Upheld (Race Referee) Resulting Action(s) (Race Referee)

APPEALS  A competitor may file an appeal with the Technical Delegate, or STTA representative if a Technical Delegate was not appointed, against a ruling of the Race Referee provided that the decision appealed against has not previously been the subject of an appeal and ruled upon by the Competition Jury.  An appeal cannot be made on a judgement call.

APPEAL FLOW CHART Appeal Lodged (Competitor) Competition Jury Convened (Technical Delegate) Appeal dismissed (Competition Jury) Competitor advised (Technical Delegate) Triathlon Australia Board Appeal Upheld (Competition Jury) RR and Competitor advised (Technical Delegate) Resulting action(s) (Technical Delegate)

GROUP EXERCISE  SCENARIO 1  A distressed athlete crosses the finish line and seeks out the Race Referee (RR). She tells the RR that her shoes were stolen in Transition by the athlete next to her.  You are the RR – discuss the process that would be followed to address the athlete’s issue.

Group Activity: Work in groups of three. Take turns in being the athlete, RR and observer: You are the RR for the QTS Robina Triathlon. You are approached by an angry international elite athletes wishing to protest their disqualifications. Take a few minutes to prepare for a role play. Play out the scene and the observer can support, interject to assist etc. to work through the situation

Advanced People Management UNIT 3 41

LEADING A TEAM OF OFFICIALS  Providing leadership to officials, pre, during and post competition  Co-operating and interacting with  Officials  Race organisers and their staff  Coaches and athletes  Volunteers  The public  Mentoring a beginner official 42

 Technical Delegate (TD)  Appointed by the TA board for all national championship events  Appointed by the STTA for local events  Responsible for ensuring that all aspects of the TA RCR, the sanctioning documentation and Race Operations Procedures are fulfilled before, during and after the event  The TD is responsible for chairing the Competition Jury if needed  The TD will be involved in / overseeing of sanctioning of the event  The main work of the Technical Delegate occurs leading up to the event  The TD has the final say on the deployment of TOs TECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE

 Race Referee (RR)  Appointed in the same way as the Technical Delegate  The Race Referee is responsible to the Technical Delegate to hear and make final decisions on all rules violations reported by Technical Officials and on all protests  Technical Officials report all issues and violations directly to the Race Referee or the Chief Official (if appointed) of the relevant area.  Example: All drafting penalties would be passed on to the Chief Cycle Official to give to the Race Referee TECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE

 Chief Race Official (CRO)  Appointed in the same way as the TD and RR  Responsible to the Technical Delegate for the control and co-ordination of the deployment of Technical Officials  Point of contact if the Race Referee is unavailable

TECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE  Chief Officials (CO):  Appointed by the TD  Positions include: Chief Swim, Chief Cycle, Chief Run, Chief Transition  Technical Officials (TOs)  Appointed by the TD  Responsible to their respective COs (if appointed) or the RR  Application of the TA RCR in accordance with the level requested by the RR

TECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE Technical Delegate (TD) Chief Race Official (CRO) Race Director (RD) Race Referee (RR) Race Competition Jury Assistant Chief Swim Assistant Chief Cycle Assistant Chief Run Assistant Chief Transition Tech. Officials Swim Tech. Officials Cycle Tech. Officials Run Tech. Officials Transition Race Operations & Administration Assistant Chief Start/Finish Tech. Officials Start/Finish

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION  Utilise effective communication skills  Active listening  Respond to athletes/coaches/officials  Work with team captains  Understand and work to the appropriate Roles and Responsibilities 48

MINIMISING CONFLICT  Implement a preventative approach to minimise conflict  Adopt a suitable approach to deal with difficult situations  Using other peoples skills to assist with conflict resolution  Remember the TO Code of Behaviour – signed by all technical officials  Remember the TA Members Protection Policy 49

SCENARIO 1  There was a problem identified by the RR at a local race. Overnight the entrance to the exit of the swim was washed away due to a freak storm overnight. The RR found the RD on race day and informed him that the swim exit will need to move. He was greeted with a not so happy RD who refused to do fix the problem.  As the Technical Delegate  What do you do?  How do you respond to the RD directly? 50

SCENARIO 2  A competitor comes into Transition from the Swim and collapses. She is distressed, complaining that she cannot see properly. The Transition Technical Official approaches the athlete to arrange medical assistance. A coach jumps the fence into Transition and starts yelling at the distressed athlete to continue racing. She eventually recovers sufficiently to collect her bike and continue racing.  You are the RR and the incident is reported to you during the course of the bike leg.  As the Race Referee?  What actions would you take?  How do you respond to the Coach? 51

SCENARIO 3 52

ITU Competition Rules UNIT 4 53

 The ITU Competition Rules are intended to:  Create an atmosphere of sportsmanship, equality, and fair play.  Provide safety and protection.  Emphasise ingenuity and skill without unduly limiting the athlete’s freedom of action.  Penalise athletes who gain an unfair advantage.  Endorse the principle that Triathlon and Duathlon are individual sports and encourage individual performance and initiative. ITU Competition Rules

 ITU Events have a high level of deliverables and therefore have procedures in place to address this.  STT appointed by the ITU or OTU  Pre-race briefing 48 hours prior to the event (Elite)  Athlete’s gear is checked and all aspects must comply with the uniform guidelines and UCI guidelines  Protocol in place for:  Athlete registration  Athlete introduction  Awards protocol  Swim Start General Differences

ITU Athletes’ Lounge

 Drug testing  Bottled water  Media presence (the level depends on the event)  Events adhere to a tight time schedule  Strict timing requirements – photo finish camera etc.  Technical Officials have clearly defined tasks that they are expected to perform  TO checklist  Roles and Responsibilities are similar but there are differences  All infringements must be filmed or photographed General Differences

 Elite, U23 and Junior athletes  Age Group Athletes ITU: Wetsuit Temperature Limits Swim LengthForbidden AboveMandatory Below Up to 1500m20 o C14 o C 1501m and longer22 o C16 o C Swim LengthForbidden AboveMandatory Below Up to 1500m22 o C14 o C 1501m – 3000m23 o C16 o C 3001m – 4000m24 o C16 o C

 Age Group athletes ITU: Time Limits in Water Swim LengthElite, U23, JuniorAge Group 300m10 min.20 min. 750m20 min.30 min. 1500m30 min.1 h 10 min. 3000m1 h 15 min.1 h 40 min. 4000m1 h 45 min.2 h 15 min.

 Athletes are lined up for the start based on their world ranking they have been reallocated after the Athletes’ Briefing.  The athletes selected a numbered position and stay in that position until the start.  Start-line Technical Officials note each athlete’s race number and the selected starting position.  When all athletes are in place, TO’s raise red flags in readiness ITU Elite Swim Start

 Bike shoes, glasses, helmet, and other bike equipment can be placed on the bike.  Running shoes can be placed in front of/outside the box as close as possible to the bike rack;  Athletes must place all used gear in the Transition box. Infringements incur a 15 second time penalty  Athletes mounting the bike too early or dismounting too late will incur a 15 second time penalty ITU Transition Zone Conduct

 A bike check will take place upon Check-in to the Transition Area before the competition. Technical Officials will check that the bikes comply with the ITU Competition Rules.  How?Visual check of bikes/helmets  Who?Transition Officials/Referee  Where?TA entrance  When?45’ before the race start  Athletes may request approval from the Technical Delegate during the Athletes’ Briefing to allow them to make modifications, if necessary, to comply with the rules. ITU Transition Check In

 In general, UCI rules will apply:  UCI road race rules for draft legal triathlon and duathlon races.  UCI time trial rules for draft illegal triathlon and duathlon races.  UCI MTB rules for winter triathlon, cross triathlon and cross duathlon races. ITU Cycling Conduct - Bikes

ITU Cycling Conduct - Drafting JuniorU23EliteAge–GroupParatriathlon TRIATHLON Team Relaylegal Sprint Distancelegal illegal Standard Distancelegal illegal Long Distance Triathlon (O2, O3)illegal DUATHLON Team Relaylegal Sprint Distancelegal illegal Standard DistanceLegallegalillegal Long Distanceillegal AQUATHLON WINTER TRIATHLON (all distances) legal CROSS TRIATHLON AND DUATHLON (all distances) legal

ITU Draft Zones

ITU Cycling Conduct

 Chief Wheel Station Official  Assistant Wheel Station Officials (1-5)  Ensure that all wheels are delivered  Brief any wheel station officials and volunteers  Supervise wheel stations  Communicate with Chief Cycle Official about and potential issues on the bike course  Ensure wheels return to rightful owner  Notify Referee of any wheels used during a wheel station ITU Wheel Station Official’s Duties

 Chief Lap Auditor Official  Assistant Lap Auditor Official (1)  Ensure the lap boards and bell are in position for cycle  Ensure the lap boards and bell are in position for run  Report over the radio to all Technical Officials when the leaders have completed each lap ITU Lap Auditor Official’s duties

 General rules  Finish Definition  An athlete will be judged as "finished," the moment any part of the torso, reaches the perpendicular line extending from the leading edge of the finish line.  Safety Guidelines  Illegal equipment ITU Run Conduct

 Chief Run Official  Assistant Run Official (1)  Verify course measurement  Ensure traffic controlled and road closure safety on run  Ensure that athletes who retire from the run course are escorted safely back to transition  Check road surface, topography, technical challenges  Ensure that all hazards are covered and marked  Ensure the course is swept or clear of any hazards  Ensure that there are whistles and flags in key areas  Control de first and last athlete ITU Run official’s duties

 Chief Run penalty box official  Assistant Run penalty box official (1-2)  Upon notice from the Chief Transition Official, the technical official must record the athlete’s number who performed an infringement, on the penalty board outside the penalty box area.  As an athlete stops at the entry to the PENALTY BOX, record the RACE NUMBER and their watch time PLUS the penalty time on the Athlete Card.  Direct the athlete to the next position in the PENALTY BOX.  Strikethrough the athlete’s race number on the penalty board after the athlete fulfills the penalty.  When all athletes finished, return the Register, Athlete Cards (held by the Volunteer) and any unused stationery to the Race Referee. ITU Run Penalty Box official’s duties

 Chief Aid Station Official  Assistant Aid Station Officials (2-4)  Ensure that all and enough water delivered is supervised by an official  Ensure that there are enough aid station volunteers  Brief all aid station officials and volunteers  Ensure that aid stations are well stocked throughout the race  Communicate with Chief Run Official about and potential issues on the run course  Supervise aid stations ITU Aid Station official’s duties

 Chief Finish Official  Review set-up plans with the TD  Secure finish line tape  Supervise the placement of the finish line  Organise a briefing with chief of medical and media manager to review roles in finish area  Brief the media prior to the finish re: finish-line and timing so they can get their long shots  Supervise flow through area and security  Supervise the positioning of the video camera ITU Finish official’s duties

 Supervise the position of the photo finish camera  Supervise timing equipment placement  Ensure minimum of 15m from gantry to media stand  Ensure athletes do not cross back over the finish line  Ensure athletes leave from the finish area  Ensure that experienced technical officials hold the finish line tape and that they are prepared to make the first level decision in the event of a tie.  In the event of a tie, assemble all of the evidence (finish line officials, video) ITU Finish official’s duties

THANKS FOR JOINING THE TEAM! 79