Mid Term Review Oct 25, 2004 Shao-Meng Li ARQP

Development of the AMS Development of a DMA calibration system Development of a DMA calibration system Field study deployment Field study deployment Development of AMS IDEA software Development of AMS IDEA software Attendance at the 5 th AMS User Meeting Attendance at the 5 th AMS User Meeting Publications Publications

Development of a DMA calibration system –Prototype completed –Deployment in laboratory and in field –Laminar flow element problems –Packaging issues

Development of the AMS IDEA software First phase –Mass calculation completed –Capability to keep track of all variations in calculation conditions, fragmentation tables –Plotting capabilities for single and multiple graphs/plots –Data exporting to Excel and others Second phase –Implementation of ToF data conversion –Optimization of data conversion schemes

Field Study Deployment SOLAS Pacific Ocean, Jul – Aug 02 Egbert Training, Sep – Nov 02 Egbert Nitrogen Study, Mar – Apr 03 Lab Study, May – Jun 03 Toronto Urban Study, Jul – Aug 03 SOLAS Atlantic Ocean, Oct – Nov 03 Lab Study, Nov – Dec 03 Preparation for ICARTT, Jan – Jun 04 ICARTT, Jun – Aug 04 LFV Chicken Study, Sep 04 – present Lab Study, Nov 04 – Jan 05 LFV Chicken Study, Feb 05 Whistler, Mar – Apr 05 Prairie 2005, Apr – Aug 05

AMS reconfiguration for aircraft deployment AMS deployment on aircraft –Installation –Deployment during ICARTT –Recalibration of AMS at different inlet pressure and temperature

AMS Laboratory Studies AMS reconfiguration Laboratory chamber studies on heterogeneous uptake of gases include: –Organic nitrates –carbonyls, alcohols, acids –others

Publications Liggio et al.: On carbonyl polymerization on aerosols, ES&T (accepted) Liggio et al: Reactive uptake of organics on aerosols, JGR (in press) Others….

Significance of agricultural NH3 sources Ambient NH3 changes in response to chicken cullsAmbient NH3 changes in response to chicken culls Ambient PM change in response to NH3 changesAmbient PM change in response to NH3 changes Emission factors and inventories from poultry industryEmission factors and inventories from poultry industry

Chicken Cull Area, May 04

Passive NH3 sampler network

Spatial NH3 Concentrations

Temporal NH3 Concentrations

Studies on NH3 emissions from poultry farms

Barn study preliminary results

Deployment of AMS and MOUDI during the “chicken” study Two AMS’ were deployed sequentially at the Abbotsford Airport GVRD site (Aug – Sep and Sep Nov, 2004 First data from early Aug indicate very low ammonium/nitrate/sulfate AMS measurements and data collection continues unattended until early Nov 04 MOUDI sampling on a 12 hour basis in Oct – Nov

Pacific 2001 data analysis and interpretation The Pacific 2001 Team

First Special Issue 14 papers in the 1 st special issue Papers appeared on web site, printed version expected in Nov 04 3 papers in other journals

Second Special Issue Papers submitted Wang, Aklilu, Leithead, Cheng Papers in preparation Anlauf, Norman, McLaren, Sukloff Need/want to have more papers from other PIs Huang, Brook, Lu, others? Summary paper Vingarzan

Forest Fire Impact during Pacific 2001 (Leithead et al.) Forest fire tracers detected Levoglucosan, DHAA Levoglucosan 14.4, 26.0, and 14.7 ng m-3 for SP, LEL, SER OC contributions 5-10%, 12-27% and 5–12% for SP, LEL, and SER

Forest fires

Levo, DHAA, OC conc.

SourceLevoglucosanDHAARATIO LV/DHAAReferenceNotes Emission Studies Loblolly pine Hays et al, 2002foliar fuels Western hemlock Hays et al, 2002foliar fuels Ponderosa pine Hays et al, 2002foliar fuels Mixed hardwood forest Hays et al, 2002foliar fuels Wiregrass and longleaf pine Hays et al, 2002foliar fuels red maple Fine et al, 2001hardwood, fireplace combustion n. red oak Fine et al, 2001hardwood e. white pine Fine et al, 2001softwood e. hemlock Fine et al, 2001softwood balsam fir Fine et al, 2001softwood yellow poplar Fine et al, 2002ahardwood, fireplace combustion Loblolly pine Fine et al, 2002asoftwood slash pine Fine et al, 2002asoftwood Field Measurement Results Rondonia, dry10.4 Zdrahal et al, 2002 Brazil, rainforest, biomass burning Rondonia, wet0.518 Zdrahal et al, 2002 Gent, winter 3.61 Zdrahal et al, 2002 Belgium, urban, residential burning Gent, summer Zdrahal et al, 2002 KWR Nolte et al, 2001wildlife reserve Bakersfield Nolte et al, 2001urban, residential wood burning Fresno Nolte et al, 2001urban, residential wood burning Rondonia, Pasture Graham et al, 2002Brazil, burning biomass burning Rondonia, Rainforest Graham et al, 2002Brazil during biomass burning Amazonia, Brazil 1.33 Graham et al, 2003Amazon, July Pacific 2001 Results SP (urban) This studyUrban SER (mixed) This studyMixed urban and forest LEL (rural) This studyRural

Forest fire contribution to OC

N-alkanes and n-alkan-2- ones on PM2.5 (Cheng et al.) Biogenic impacts on the OC compositions at all 5 sites Day-night differences in CPI, stronger biogenic activities at night

Conc, CPI, and Cmax of n- alkanes and n-alkan-2-ones n-alkanesn-alkan-2-ones 2-C 18i Total conc.CPICmaxTotal conc.CPICmaxconc. Min–Max (Avg  Std) Min–Max (Avg  Std) Min–Max (Avg  Std) Min–Max (Avg  Std) Min–Max (Avg  Std) GEP (forest)2.0–16.4 (10.6  4.7) 1.92–3.15 (2.39  0.47) C 23, C 25, C –7.2 (2.9  1.9) 0.95–2.38 (1.14  0.48) C 17, C –23.9 (7.6  7.1) CT (tunnel)45.5–111.6 (83.9  24.6) 0.98–1.32 (1.15  0.11) mainly C –12.6 (6.3  3.4) 1.13–1.71 (1.33  0.19) C 17, C –4.7 (2.4  1.2) Dry Period I (15  20 August) SP (urban park)3.3–30.8 (14.8  10.3) 1.17–2.38 (1.74  0.52 ) C 25, C 27 or C –4.2 (2.0  1.2) 1.08–1.80 (1.34  0.20) Mainly C 16, C 17 <DL–8.6 (3.6  2.6) LEL (rural)4.2–13.6 (9.2  3.4) 1.27–2.20 (1.67  0.28) C 23 or C 25, C 27, C –3.4 (1.6  1.0) 0.82–1.31 (1.10  0.17) Mainly C 15, C –6.7 (4.0  2.1) SER (mixing of forest /urban) 4.5–43.1 (13.9  12.5) 1.10–2.67 (1.70  0.43) mainly C 25, C –5.7 (2.5  1.8) 0.80–1.60 (1.25  0.22) Mainly C 15, C –12.2 (5.1  3.6) Dry Period II (24  30August) SP (urban park)4.4–34.6 (14.8  9.2) 1.14–1.97 (1.53  0.25) C 25, C –8.4 (3.0  2.4) 0.65–1.35 (0.99  0.26) Mainly C 16, C –12.9 (4.5  3.6) LEL (rural)0.6–18.1 (7.2  4.7) 1.43–4.03 (2.15  0.86) C 23 or C 25, C 27, C –3.9 (2.1  1.0) 0.69–1.30 (1.00  0.18) Mainly C 16, C –9.8 (5.3  3.4) SER (mixing of forest /urban) 1.7–16.9 (6.7  4.9) 1.05–4.69 (2.24  1.07) mainly C 25, C –5.3 (1.8  1.4) 1.09–1.65 (1.33  0.17) Mainly C 17, C –10.7 (3.5  2.8)

CPI of N-alkanes (C 14 to C 33 ) Day (Avg±Std) Sample number Night (Avg±Std) Sample number GEP (forest)2.20± ±0.565 CT (tunnel)1.16± ±0.092 SP (urban park) I2.21± ±0.653 SP (urban park) II1.62± ±0.337 LEL (rural) I1.90± ±0.165 LEL (rural) II2.04± ±1.187 SER (mixing of forest /urban) 1.39± ±0.406 SER (mixing of forest /urban) 1.39± ±1.146

Temporal variations

Sources for alkanes and ketones N-Alkanes Primary emissions: Vehicular (CT), Plants (GEP), mixture (other sites) N-Alkanones Shorter chain ketones: secondary Longer chain ketones: primary Branched ketones: biogenic

Chemical size distribution (Anlauf et al.) Coarse nitrate: titration of sea salt chloride by HNO 3, both day and night Accumulation mode nitrate: production at night through N 2 O 5, HNO 3 +NH 3 Fine mode sulfate: evidence of primary emissions

Pacific 2001 Data Centre (Sukloff et al.) Existing Data 71% of expected data sets Continuous submission of data