W = PV Figuring out work: s The piston moves out a distance s: derive

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W = PV Figuring out work: s The piston moves out a distance s: derive

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W = PV Figuring out work: s The piston moves out a distance s: derive W = work done by gas P = pressure of gas V = change in volume of gas s

W = PV Figuring out work: s W = work done by gas P = pressure of gas V = change in volume of gas Example: What work done by an isobaric compression at 500 Pa from .85 m3 to .52 m3? s

V P 500 Pa .5 m3 P-V diagrams:

How much work done by process AB? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 How much work done by process AB? A B 150 J

Hugo First has a gas in a cylinder that expands from 200. liters to 500. liters at a pressure of 1200 Pa. What work did the gas do? (1000 liters = 1 m3) W = PV P = 1200 Pa, V = .500-.200 = .300 W = 360 J 360 J

Mr. Fyde compresses a cylinder from. 0350 m3 to Mr. Fyde compresses a cylinder from .0350 m3 to .0210 m3, and does 875 J of work. What was the average pressure? W = PV W = -875, V = .0350 - .0210 = -.0140 m3 P = 62500 Pa 62.5 kPa

How much work done by process EF? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 How much work done by process EF? E F W = PV, p= 200 Pa, V = .8 - .2 = .6 m3 W = 120 J (work done by the gas) 120 J

How much work done by process BA? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 How much work done by process BA? B A W = PV, P = 300 Pa, V = .1 - .4 = -.3 m3 W = -90 J (work done on the gas) -90. J

How much work done by process CD? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 D C W = PV, Pavg = 350 Pa, V = .8 - .2 = .6 m3 W = 210 J (work done by the gas) 210 J

How much work done by process CD? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 How much work done by process CD? D C W = PV, p = 350 Pa, V =0 m3 W = 0 J (work done by the gas) waddayathink?

B C V P 500 Pa .5 m3 Example: Total work done by process ABCDA? (2) D A 150 J

Heat engines Turn heat to work

Energy Flow c All heat engines waste a bit of heat

How much net work done by this cycle? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 How much net work done by this cycle? W = Area = LxW = (.3 m3)(100 Pa) = +30 J (CW) +30 J

How much net work done by this cycle? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 W = Area = LxW = (.3 m3)(400 Pa) = -120 J (ACW) -120 J

How much net work done by THIS cycle? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 W = Area = 1/2bh = 1/2 (.3 m3)(300 Pa) = +45 J (CW) +45 J

How much net work done by this cycle? V P 500 Pa .5 m3 W = Area = Lxh = (.6 m3)(300 Pa) = -180 J (ACW) -180 J