Matter & The Atom

Matter The term matter describes all of the physical substances around us: your table, your body, a pencil, water, and so forth

Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume) Made up of different kinds of atoms

Matter Includes all things that can be seen, tasted, smelled, or touched Does not include heat, sound, or light

Matter is made of atoms

Models Models are often used for things that are too small or too large to be observed or that are too difficult to be understood easily

Models In the case of atoms, scientists use large models to explain something that is very small Models of the atom were used to explain data or facts that were gathered experimentally. So, these models are also theories

Modern Model of the Atom The electron cloud Sometimes called the wave model Spherical cloud of varying density Varying density shows where an electron is more or less likely to be

Atomic Structure Nucleus Protons Neutrons Electrons

Atomic Structure Protons -Much larger and heavier than electrons positive charge (+) Located in the nucleus of the atom 

Atomic Structure Electrons Tiny, very light particles Have a negative electrical charge (-) Move around the outside of the nucleus

Atomic Structure Neutrons Large and heavy like protons Neutrons have no electrical charge Located in the nucleus of the atom 

Draw the following picture on your output p.22.

Atomic Structure

Let’s look at the periodic table and determine what each square tells us!

Let’s Practice!- Output p.23 Please copy the table into CB Element #Protons #Neutrons #Electrons Oxygen Calcium Aluminum Tungsten Nickel

Let’s Practice!- Output p.23 Please copy the table into CB Element #Protons #Neutrons #Electrons Oxygen 8 16 – 8 = 8 Calcium 20 Aluminum 13 27-13=14 Tungsten 74 184-74=110 Nickel 28 59-28=31

Describing Atoms # of protons + # of neutrons Atomic mass number

Describing Atoms Atomic Weight - average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element .