A Brief History of Computers

in a galaxy not so far away..... a long time ago, in a galaxy not so far away.....

When man learned to count The Prehistoric Era 15,000,000,000 BC - 409 BC When man learned to count

The Prehistoric Era 300,000 BC 50,000BC to 20,000 BC Everything had to be portable in order to survive………. 50,000BC to 20,000 BC But once man decided to settle, they started to collect things…. And started to count

The Prehistoric Era continued The first thing man used to count with were Fingers Latin word “Digit” refers to a finger or toe….. It also refers to a numerical quantity. As man collected more things he had to represent them different ways….. The word calculate is from the Latin word “calculus” which means pebble

The Prehistoric Era continued 3000 BC The acabus 1900 BC Stonehenge as a possible calendar

The Prehistoric Era continued 1500 BC The first clocks known as water clocks the oldest found in Egypt 300 BC Buddists used the first written symbols for numbers

The Prehistoric Era continued The first recorded use of the number “0” was at 600 AD Interestingly Egyptians already used fractions in 5500 BC The eye of Horus, an Egyptian deity of this time. This was used to show fractions of hekat (appr. 4.8 liters) a unit used to measure grain.

The era of calculator devices The Era of Antiquity 1620 - 1671 The era of calculator devices

The Era of Antiquity 1620 - 1671 Had multiple calculator devices that had no memory and no means to output the results other than dials or indicators Ruler with logarithmic scales made by Gunter First calculator with rotating gears to increase the tens position First logarithmic slide rule

The Pre Industrial Era 1886-1899 Calculators that have single predefined purposes. Extra important inventions and discoveries

The Pre Industrial Era 1886-1899 Alexander Graham Bell makes first sound recording 1886 1887 The first key driven adding machines were created 1888 The first calculator which does addition, subtraction, multiplication and division

The Pre Industrial Era 1886-1899 1892 First adding machines that also print out Electromechanical adding and sorting machine (used punch cards)

The Pre Industrial Era 1886-1899 1898 Valdemar Poulsen invents a magnetic wire on which data can be recorded. The principles of this invention lead to magnetic tapes and hard disk drives Sir Joseph John Thomson discovers the electron.

The start of “Real” computers The Industrial Era (1947-) The start of “Real” computers

The Industrial Era (1947-) 1947 the first transistors were created The first generation of modern programmed electronic computers was built with functioning RAM

The Industrial Era (1947-) Computers required more than one floor and were huge!!! Transistors Burnt out often

The Industrial Era (1947-) 1953 First mass produced computer by IBM Had 1 kB of RAM

The Industrial Era (1947-) 1958 the first integrated circuit was built This replaced transistors on computers. 1972 the first video arcade game was created by Atari created the game Pong.

The Industrial Era (1947-) 1981 The first portable personal computers were available Price $3000 IBM 5150 PC 4.77 MHz 8 bit 8088 CPU from Intel 64KB RAM, 40KB ROM, one 5.25-inch floppy drive (160KB capacity) "640K ought to be enough for anybody." Bill Gates

Sun, Compaq and Epson started in 1982 The Industrial Era (1947-) Companies that existed 1981….. Apple IBM MicroSoft Xerox Microsoft flight simulator 1982 3.5” floppy by Sony (’82 – 280kB) 8” floppy disk (’71 – 79.7kB) 5.25” floppy disk (’76 – 87.5kB) Sun, Compaq and Epson started in 1982

The Industrial Era (1947-) IBM generation of computers (CPU) $4000 in 8088 80286 with 8086 chip 80386 80486 $4000 in 1993 Pentium P2, P3, P4 Dual Core Tri & Quad Core etc

The Industrial Era (1947-) 1985: Windows 1.0

First popular programming language in schools (1981/82) Basic

Resource http://www.thocp.net/timeline/timeline.htm