Intro to Human Population Concepts

Agenda Population Intro Lesson Quiz 2.1/note check for Unit 1 Lecture/Text Book Discussion/Videos on Population Distribution Activity Intro Census Data website and Population Project requirements Homework – Read 2.2 and take notes/definitions pgs. 54-59 Learning Objectives: PSO-2.B – Define methods geographers use to calculate population density. PSO-2.C – Explain the differences between and the impact of methods used to calculate population density.

Population growth stresses the environment http://www. epa Population growth stresses the environment http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/impacts-adaptation/international.html and http://antwerp.wikispaces.com/Global+Overpopulation Farms and erodes soils Fishes and depletes oceans Mines and consumes minerals/fuels Builds and cuts/destroys forests Water for human use – agriculture, industry and home use All of this made more problematic by 4-fold pop. increases in 20th century And for context…only 30% of earth is land. Only fraction (1/3) of that is habitable/arable

Let’s think about this… During the last approximately 120 years……. The world’s population has grown 4-fold The world’s use of fresh water supplies has grown 8-fold Explain and Discuss

How 7 Billion Occurs http://www.npr.org/2011/10/31/141816460/visualizing-how-a-population- grows-to-7-billion

World Population, Population Explosion and Carrying Capacity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8dkWQVFAoA

Distribution of World Population Demography- the scientific study of human population characteristics. Population concentrations The four largest population clusters contain 2/3 people East Asia – one fifth total pop South Asia – one fifth Southeast Asia- 500,000 Asia - more than ½ of the entire world population! Europe – one ninth Other population clusters Northeastern US/SE Canada, West Africa

Distribution of World Population Ecumene- the portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement. Sparsely populated regions Dry Lands- arid- 30-50 north and south latitude Cold Lands- high latitudes- 50 plus north and south latitude. Wet Lands- tropics, severe mid-latitudes High Lands- mountains NOTE: There are exceptions to these patterns

Health FOOD SUPPLY Green Revolution helped stem hunger from pop. growth in 1960s High meat consumption puts pressure on the environment Further increased meat consumption lead to global food crisis (Where and why is this occurring?) Rapid population growth can cause increase in disease Epidemics/pandemics happen or are possible Infant/child mortality is high in developing areas

STUDY OF POPULATION IS REALLY….. ALL ABOUT WOMEN!! Status of Women Population control/reduction responsibilities have fallen largely on women WHY? – Because low status = fewer rights Female infanticide/abandonment Education of women Bottom Line – there is an inverse relationship between education level of women and population growth Hans Rosling on Population – 10:00 min video – Let’s watch first 4 minutes http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/hans_rosling_on_global_population_gro wth.html

In most parts of the world, why are women having fewer children? Later marriage Delaying childbirth (these two are different) Higher cost of raising children Urbanization Status of women Higher education levels Higher economic status Germany Statistic – In 2008, 39% of German women had reached the age of 40 without having had a child Gender and population – Hans Rosling and the Magic Washing Machine – 9 min. http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/hans_rosling_and_the_magic_washing_machine.html

Think about where people are

Distribution describes population locations on the Earth’s surface (where people live)

Density measures number of people per unit area (per mile/km)

Arithmetic, Physiologic, and Agricultural Population Density Arithmetic Population Density Physiologic Population Density population as an average per unit area Dividing population by the A REAL unit (#sq mi/km) Agricultural Density Number of people supported by a unit area of arable land For example – US has 404 people per square mile, or arable land number of people per unit area of ARABLE land Which of these is the LEAST helpful measure to understand population density? Which is more accurate? Which gives us more details?

How about Egypt as an example? A.P.D. – 85 / mile P.P.D. – 6,808 / mile (in 2013) 98% of Egypt’s population live on just 3% of the land Egypt is said to be the most densely populated country in the world in terms of “useable land”

Major Population Concentrations MAP pg. 50 –take a “mental snap shot” of this map and be able to answer questions about it Let’s play “Where’s Waldo” – Australia, Saudi Arabia, Java, China, Canada East Asia South Asia Europe North America

MEGALOPOLIS or CONURBATION Tokaido in Japan

Bosnywash in the U.S.

Locally Lexington… https://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap /viewer.html?webmap=47747cc2355246 178e0070181cd36c1a

Think about the spatial components of this – 5% of the world’s population is in BLUE. 5% of the world’s population is in the RED area. ttp://metrocosm.com/the-global-extremes-of-population-density/

Jot down these cities because it’s not in your text Megacities - Top Ten Cities – 1950 http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201g.htm Name Population 1 New York, USA 12,463,000 2 London, United Kingdom 8,860,000 3 Tokyo, Japan 7,000,000 4 Paris, France 5,900,000 5 Shanghai, China 5,406,000 6 Moscow, Russia 5,100,000 7 Buenos Aires, Argentina 5,000,000 8 Chicago, USA 4,906,000 9 Ruhr, Germany 4,900,000 10 Kolkata, India 4,800,000

Top Twenty Cities 1950 WHAT CHANGED??? 2010 New York, USA 12,463,000 London, United Kingdom 8,860,000 Tokyo, Japan 7,000,000 Paris, France 5,900,000 Shanghai, China 5,406,000 Moscow, Russia 5,100,000 Buenos Aires, Argentina 5,000,000 Chicago, USA 4,906,000 Ruhr, Germany 4,900,000 Kolkata, India 4,800,000 1. Tokyo-Yokohama, Japan - 33,200,000 2. New York, United States - 17,800,000 3. Sao Paulo, Brazil - 17,700,000 4. Seoul-Incheon, South Korea - 17,500,000 5. Mexico City, Mexico - 17,400,000 6. Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto, Japan - 16,425,000 7. Manila, Philippines - 14,750,000 8. Mumbai, India (formerly Bombay) - 14,350,000 9. Jakarta, Indonesia - 14,250,000 10. Lagos, Nigeria - 13,400,000 11. Kolkata, India - 12,700,000 12. Delhi, India - 12,300,000 13. Cairo, Egypt - 12,200,000 14. Los Angeles, United States - 11,789,000 15. Buenos Aires, Argentina - 11,200,000 16. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - 10,800,000 17. Moscow, Russia - 10,500,000 18. Shanghai, China - 10,000,000 19. Karachi, Pakistan - 9,800,000 20. Paris, France - 9,645,000 Population is not distributed evenly; Study maps on page 50!

Activity: Population If you represented ten people and four squares on the floor were one square mile … 1. As a class; show me an even population distribution with ten people living in a square mile. 2. Show me a concentrated population distribution with 20 people living in a square mile 3. Show me an even population distribution with 40 people living in a square mile. 4. Show me a dense population distribution with high concentration with 100 people living in 4 square miles, NEAR ELECTRICITY.

http://envirosci.net/111/population/population_projection.jpg

Activity: Population If you were ten people and four squares on the floor were one square mile … 1. Show me an even population distribution with ten people living in a square mile. 2. Show me a population distribution with 20 people living in a square mile 3. Show me a population distribution with 40 people living in a square mile near electricity. 4. Show me a population distribution with 240 people living in 4 square miles, CLOSE TO NATURAL LIGHT!

Population Project We will work on this over the next couple class periods. Look at your handout…

‘J’ and ‘S’ Curves in demography

http://envirosci.net/111/population/human_population.jpg