The Three States of Matter on Earth gas solid liquid Matter can be defined as anything that takes up space, has mass, and has inertia. Chemistry is the study of matter and its interactions. This is an introduction to the most basic categories of matter. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter States of Matter Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Assumptions: Matter is made of particles, atoms and molecules, that are in constant motion Particles contain thermal energy (“heat”), which causes them to move Particles move faster as heat is applied; the more the energy the faster they move; particles move slower as energy is removed The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

States of Matter Kinetic-Molecular Theory Basis of Classification of the three States: Based upon particle arrangement and distance between particles (compactness due to attraction) Based upon energy of particles and their motion The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Solids Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Examples: States of Matter Solids Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Examples: Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume because its particles... ...have little energy. ...vibrate in place. ...have a strong attraction between them. ...are tightly packed due to the attraction. Solids are not easily compressible because there is little free space between particles. Solids do not flow easily because the particles cannot move/slide past one another. The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter Liquids Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. Examples: Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter A liquid has an indefinite shape but a definite volume because its particles... ...have more energy than its solid form. ...move moderately faster than in its so in its solid form. ...able to slide past one another due to the slightly weaker attraction. ....are loosely packed. Liquids are not easily compressible and have a definite volume because there is little free space between particles. Liquids flow easily because the particles can move/slide past one another. The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter Gases Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Examples: Particles of a gas move randomly and must be contained from all surfaces. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter A gas has an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume because its particles... ...have a lot more energy than its liquid form. ...move much faster than in its liquid form. …move freely bouncing against each other due to having hardly any attraction between them. ...are spread out. Gases are easily compressible because there is a great deal of free space between particles. Gases flow very easily because the particles randomly move past one another. The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

The Three States of Matter States of matter are categorized by: Amount of energy in particles “Speed” of particles Attraction between particles Arrangement and distance (compactness) The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Phase Properties Particle Properties Phase Proximity Energy Motion Volume Shape Solid packed little vibrate definite definite Liquid close moderate slide past definite indefinite Gas far apart a lot all over indefinite indefinite

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. freezing melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter condensation The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter condensation The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter condensation The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization freezing melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter condensation The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization freezing melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter

Chumbler - Properties of Matter States of Matter condensation sublimation The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles. vaporization freezing melting Chumbler - Properties of Matter