1. objective
SWBAT state the kinetic particle theory of matter and relate it to temperature.

2. Kinetic Theory of Matter
Consists of 3 parts: 1) All matter is made up of atoms and molecules that act as tiny particles.

3. Kinetic Theory of Matter
2) These tiny particles are always in motion. - we measure this motion as temperature

4. Kinetic Theory of Matter
3) At the same temperature, the heavier particles move slower than the lighter particles.

5. Kinetic Theory of Matter and States of Matter
State of matter depends on its molecular motion
We measure this as temperature
↑ temperature = ↑ motion of particles
↓ temperature = ↓ motion of particles

6. Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion
Particles with a lot of kinetic energy move fast and far apart
Particles with little kinetic energy move slow & close together
Particles with a lot of kinetic energy
Particles with little kinetic energy

7. Temperature
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
So… if it is hot more kinetic energy, if cold less kinetic energy.

8. Absolute Zero
Temperature at which all molecular (particle) motion stops.
0 Kelvin ( -273 °C; °F)

9. Brain Break: Suit-Up

10. The Three States of Matter
Based upon particle arrangement
Based upon energy of particles
Based upon distance between particles
The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles.

11. States of Matter-Solids
Particles (atoms and molecules) of solids are tightly packed together
They can vibrate about a fixed position, but they do not move out of position.

12. States of Matter-Solids
Solids have a definite shape and definite volume.
Solids
Have little Kinetic energy
Tend to be hard
Examples:

13. States of Matter-Solids
Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Solids
Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume because the particles are locked into place
Solids are not easily compressible because there is little free space between particles
Solids do not flow easily because the particles cannot move/slide past one another

14. States of Matter-Liquids
Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slip and slide over one another.

15. States of Matter-Liquids
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.
So, liquids take the shape of whatever container they are in but they cannot be squeezed into a smaller volume

16. States of Matter-Liquids
Have a medium amount of kinetic energy
Flow from higher to lower levels
Examples:

17. States of Matter-Liquids
Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Liquids
Liquids have an indefinite shape because the particles can slide past one another.
Liquids are not easily compressible and have a definite volume because there is little free space between particles.
Liquids flow easily because the particles can move/slide past one another.

18. States of Matter-Gases
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely.
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
Because the particles are not close together, they can be squeezed into a smaller space.
Examples:
Pumping up a bicycle tire
Filling a balloon.

19. States of Matter-Gases
Have lots of kinetic energy
Gas particles can travel rapidly (think of how fast scents travel)
Examples:
Particles of a gas move randomly and must be contained from all surfaces.

20. States of Matter-Gases
Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Gases
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume because the particles can move past one another.
Gases are easily compressible because there is a great deal of free space between particles.
Gases flow very easily because the particles randomly move past one another.