Chapter 2
What does the word subject refer to in grammar? the person or thing that performs the action of the verb Jupiter loves Europa. Who loves Europa? ANSWER: Jupiter
a word that expresses the actions, events or states of being What is a verb? a word that expresses the actions, events or states of being different types of words that are verbs: physical activity to run, to hit, to talk, to walk mental activity to hope, to believe, to dream, to think a state or condition to be, to feel, to have, to sleep
a verb that is like an = sign What is a linking verb? does not perform an action - connects the subject to additional information about the subject a verb that is like an = sign Mark is my best friend. Mark = best friend.
Identify the subjects and verbs Cornelia est puella Romana. Puellae in Italiā habitant.
The verb est is a __________ ___________ when it __________ the subject with a noun or an adjective. This noun or adjective completes the pattern of the sentence and is called a _______________. linking verb links complement
Cornelia est puella. Flavia defessa est. Cornelia is a girl. Flavia is tired. Does the placement of est change the meaning of the sentence? no
Latin is an ______________ language Latin is an ______________ language. That means that the _____________ change to tell parts of speech. inflected endings
What other words changed in the sentence? Puella in agris currit quod laeta est. Puellae in agris currunt quod laetae sunt. What other words changed in the sentence? puella and laeta
If the subject is ____________ with an -a then the verb will end in _____. If the subject is ___________ with an -ae then the verb will end in ______. singular -t plural -nt
Subject. Verb. -a (singular). -t (singular). -ae. (plural) Subject Verb -a (singular) -t (singular) -ae (plural) -nt (plural) -a et -a (plural) -nt (plural)
est ambulat sunt habitant sedet currit sedent ambulant legit scribit Activity 1 - In the story on p. 7 find all the verbs that end in -t and -nt. -t -nt est ambulat sunt habitant sedet currit sedent ambulant legit scribit
3. Flavia et Aurelia 6. pictura 9. Cornelia Activity 2 - Write S in the blank if a singular verb would be required and P if a plural verb: 1. amica 4. villa 7. puella 2. puellae 5. amicae 8. villae 3. Flavia et Aurelia 6. pictura 9. Cornelia
Activity 3 - Choose the correct word and translate 1 Activity 3 - Choose the correct word and translate 1. Flavia in villā vicinā _____. habitat, habitant 2. Cornelia et Flavia sub arbore ____. sedet/sedent 3. Cornelia et Flavia defessae _____. est/sunt
4. Flavia strenua _______. est/sunt 5. Cornelia et Flavia sunt ______ 4. Flavia strenua _______. est/sunt 5. Cornelia et Flavia sunt ______. puella Romana/ puellae Romanae 6. Puellae in agris non iam ______. currit/currunt
Activity 4 -Translate - label s, v, c 1 Activity 4 -Translate - label s, v, c 1. In picturā sunt puellae nomine Cornelia et Flavia. 2. Flavia in agris currit. 3. Brevi tempore puellae ex agris ambulant. 4. Tandem puellae ad villam rusticam lente ambulant.
3. Brevi tempore defessa est. Activity 5 - Practice translating sentences with UNEXPRESSED subjects: 1. Sub arbore sedet. 2. In agris currunt. 3. Brevi tempore defessa est. 4. In Italiā habitant.
Activity 6 - Answer TRUE or FALSE about the story on page 7. ________ 1. Cornelia et Flavia sunt puellae Romanae. ________ 2. Flavia et Cornelia in agris habitant. ________ 3. Hodie Flavia in agris non est. ________ 4. Cornelia ex agris ambulat quod defessa est. ________ 5. Flavia saepe in villā currit. ________ 6. Amicae in agris ambulat, sed brevi tempore Cornelia defessa est. ________ 7. Flavia non defessa est. ________ 8. Tandem Flavia sub arbore sedet et scribit. ________ 9. Brevi tempore amicae non currunt, sed sub arbore sedent ________ 10. Tandem puellae ex agris ad villam rusticam lente ambulant.