Halogens get MORE reactive

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Presentation transcript:

Halogens get MORE reactive History Periodic Table Group 1 Group 7 Metals vs Non-metals Early periodic tables arranged in order of atomic weight Alkali Metals Very reactive (due to single electron in outer shell) Halogens Very reactive (due to having 7 electrons in outer shell) Non-metals: Many electrons in outer shell so form negative ions. Low melting and boiling points.  Some elements were in the wrong groups so didn’t follow the pattern Metals React with oxygen to form oxides React with water to form the hydroxide and hydrogen React with chlorine to form chlorides Non- metals Exist in pairs as molecules (diatomic molecules) React with metals to form white solid crystals React with non-metals to form small molecules Mendeleev left gaps for undiscovered elements.  The elements were discovered that filled the gaps and proved him right. Metals: Few electrons in outer shell so form positive ions. Hard, high melting and boiling points.  Isotopes were discovered which explained why order based on weight didn’t work. Group 0 Modern periodic table – order of atomic (proton) number. Elements with similar properties in columns (groups). Elements in same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell and so have similar chemical properties. Halogens get MORE reactive Noble gases. Unreactive (due to full outer shell) Alkali metals get MORE reactive Increasing atomic mass Increasing boiling point