Use of Audio Visual Aids NEPAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE Use of Audio Visual Aids Shital Moktan 9/6/2019 EVALUATION CRITERIA - 2070

I hear, I forget I see, I remember I do, I understand 9/6/2019

The Learning Cone (Edgar Dale) 9/6/2019

Audio Visual Aids Any device which can be used to make the learning more effective (प्रभावकारी) more concrete (ठोस) more realistic (व्यवहारिक) more dynamic (गतिशील) 9/6/2019

Audio Aids 9/6/2019

Visual Aids 9/6/2019

Audio Visual Aids 9/6/2019

Selection Time and Budget Audience Preference Size and Location of Audience Facilities and Equipment 9/6/2019

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Designing Effective PowerPoint Presentations 9/6/2019

Exercise Prepare 4 slides Title page with your name and any topic Write something about the topic Insert picture (any picture) Insert any data in tabular format (E.g. Academic qualification) 9/6/2019

Why PowerPoint? To hold interest To focus attention To guide discussions/overviews To tell a story To support the message being delivered To create a poster for a conference One of the best reasons to use PowerPoint is the ability it gives you to present content in a qualitatively different way through the use of graphics, charts, animation, and even video or audio. We all learn differently and a presentation using PowerPoint can help those who are Visual as well as Auditory learners 9/6/2019

Designing Effective PowerPoint Presentation Simple Consistent Clear Progressive Summary Big 9/6/2019

Make it Big 9/6/2019

Make it Big (Text) This is Arial 44 This is Arial 36 This is Arial 32 9/6/2019

Make it Big (Text) This is Arial 44 This is Arial 36 This is Arial 32 Too Small 9/6/2019

Make it Big (Font Sizes) NEPAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE Make it Big (Font Sizes) This is a good title size. Verdana 40 point = sans serif. This is a good subtitle or bullet point size. Times New Roman 36 point = serif. FONTS: The larger, the better. Remember, you want your points to be readable even at the back of the venue. As with print documents, using a combination of serif and sans serif fonts--one for headings, the other for body text because it provides contrast and interest to your slides. Sans serif fonts are Verdana, Arial and Helvetica. They have even lines and no appendages Serif fonts are Times and Times New Roman. This is about as small as you want to go for content at 24 points. This font size is not recommended for content. Verdana 12 point. 9/6/2019 EVALUATION CRITERIA - 2070

Make It Big (How to Estimate) Look at it from 7 feet away 7 ft 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Text) Avoid Too many colors Avoid Too Many Fonts and Styles The 6 x 7 rule No more than 6 lines per slide No more than 7 words per line 9/6/2019

Too detailed ! Keep It Simple (Text) Instructional Technology: A complex integrated process involving people, procedures, ideas, devices, and organization, for analyzing problems and devising, implementing, evaluating, and managing solutions to those problems in situations in which learning is purposive and controlled (HMRS 5th ed.) Too detailed ! 9/6/2019

Much Simpler Keep It Simple (Text) Instructional Technology: A process involving people, procedures & tools for solutions to problems in learning (HMRS 5th ed.) Much Simpler 9/6/2019

Number of Likes Observed Facebook Twitter Onlinekhabar January 11,532,234 14,123,654 3,034,564 February 1,078,456 12,345,567 16,128,234 March 17,234,778 6,567,123 16,034,786 April 16,098,897 10,870,954 7,940,096 May 8,036,897 10,345,394 14,856,456 June 16,184,345 678,095 4,123,656 July 8,890,345 15,347,934 18,885,786 August 8,674,234 18,107,110 17,230,095 September 4,032,045 18,923,239 9,950,498 October 2,608,096 9,945,890 5,596,096 November 5,864,034 478,023 6,678,125 December 12,234,123 9,532,111 3,045,654 Too detailed ! 9/6/2019

Much Simpler Likes in Millions In 106 Facebook Twitter Online khabar January 11 14 3 February 1 12 16 March 17 6 April 10 7 May 8 June 4 July 15 18 August September 9 October 2 5 November December Much Simpler 9/6/2019

Likes Too detailed ! 9/6/2019

Likes Much Simpler 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Picture) Art work may distract your audience Artistry does not substitute for content 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Sound) Use sound only when necessary Sound effects may distract too Use sound only when necessary 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Transition) This transition is annoying, not enhancing "Appear" and "Disappear" are better 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Animation) 7 ft Too distracting ! 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Animation) 7 ft Simple & to the point 9/6/2019

Keep It Simple (Moving Text) NEPAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE Keep It Simple (Moving Text) When text appears, we don’t want the audience to be watching the animation. Use the “Appear effect” Not “FANCY EFFECTS” I can tell that you all aren’t focusing on me but are totally fixed on what is on the screen. If you want to use an effect to add a little animation to your text but keep it simple, use the APPEAR effect, which just makes the text appear and is the easiest for your audience to read. 9/6/2019 EVALUATION CRITERIA - 2070

Make It Clear 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Capitalisation) ALL CAPITAL LETTERS ARE DIFFICULT TO READ Upper and lower case letters are easier 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Fonts) Sanserif Z Serif Z clear busy 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Fonts) Serif fonts are difficult to read on screen Sanserif fonts are clearer Italics are difficult to read on screen Normal or bold fonts are clearer Underlines may signify hyperlinks Instead, use colors to emphasise 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Numbers) Use numbers for lists with sequence Example : How to put an elephant into a fridge? 1. Open the door of the fridge 2. Put the elephant in 3. Close the door 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Numbers) How to create a PowerPoint file? 1. Right click the mouse button 2. Select NEW 3. Select Microsoft Office PowerPoint Presentation 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Bullets) Use bullets to show a list without Priority Sequence Hierarchy, ….. 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Colors) Use contrasting colors Light on dark VS dark on light Use complementary colors 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Contrast) Use contrasting colors Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary colors high contrast low contrast 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Contrast) Use contrasting colors Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary colors This is dark on light 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Contrast) Use contrasting colors Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary colors This is light on dark 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Complement) Use contrasting colors Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary colors These colours do not complement 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Complement) Use contrasting colours Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary colours These colours complement 9/6/2019

Make it Clear (Fonts and Background Colors) NEPAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE Make it Clear (Fonts and Background Colors) This is a good mix of colors. Readable! This is a bad mix of colors. Low contrast. Unreadable! This is a good mix of colors. Readable! This is a bad mix of colors. Avoid bright colors on white. Unreadable! My own pet peeve is the always used blue background. It’s the one I see most used at conferences. Try something different. That’s why PowerPoint comes with templates. Choose your background based on a room's lighting: While what is most common is to design with a dark background when you plan to project your slideshow onto a screen, in reality, the best background has to do with the presentation location. Although light text on a dark background looks best in a dark or slightly darkened room, in a light room the dark background may look so faded that light text may not show up as well. For this kind of situation, it doesn't hurt to try dark text on a lighter background 9/6/2019 EVALUATION CRITERIA - 2070

Make It Clear (Size) Size implies importance 9/6/2019

Size implies importance Make It Clear (Size) Size implies importance 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Focal Points) Focal points direct attention 9/6/2019

Make It Clear (Focal Points) Focal points direct attention 9/6/2019

Be Progressive 9/6/2019

Types of Instructional Tools Complexity of Interactions Mode of Instruction Individual Pair Group Direct Instruction Guided Inquiry Discovery Learning Instructive Tools Constructive Social Communicative Informational Tools Too many in one go! 9/6/2019

Types of Instructional Tools Discovery Learning Social Constructive Tools Individual Constructive Tools Progressive & thus focused Guided Inquiry Mode of Instruction Individual Instructive Tools Social Communicative Tools Direct Instruction Individual Pair Group Complexity of Interactions 9/6/2019

Understanding Technology Mouse I/O Error Main Storage CPU Too many & not focused Function key User interface Software Debugger Floppy disk Backup system 9/6/2019

Understanding Technology Mouse I/O Error Main Storage CPU Progressive & thus focused Function key User interface Software Debugger Floppy disk Backup system 9/6/2019

Be Consistent 9/6/2019

Be Consistent Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract 9/6/2019

Be Consistent This tick draws attention Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract This tick draws attention 9/6/2019

Be Consistent These differences distract! Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract These differences distract! 9/6/2019

Be Consistent This implies importance Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract This implies importance  9/6/2019

Be Consistent Confusing differences! Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract Confusing differences! 9/6/2019

Be Consistent This surprise attracts Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract This surprise attracts 9/6/2019

Be Consistent These distract! Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Use surprises to attract not distract These distract! 9/6/2019

Tips for Presenting This is TOO flashy! Limit the number of slides 3 slides per minute is the maximum Practice moving between slides. Be prepared for technical difficulties Avoid the use of flashy transitions. This is TOO flashy! 9/6/2019

What makes the design of a .ppt presentation ineffective? NEPAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE What makes the design of a .ppt presentation ineffective? Slides read word for word (60%) Text too small (51%) Full sentences used (48%) Source: Bad PowerPoint Press Release 2003 survey www.communicateusingtechnology.com DO NOT SIMPLY READ WHAT IS ON THE SLIDES. This is the same as passing out handouts and then just reading all of it back to your audience. You should have much more to say than what appears on the slides. If you want your audience to have copies of all that you say, pass out note pages after your presentation. Reveal the KEY IDEA only….a bullet point is a short summation of all you know about the idea Use consistent style: each point start with a verb or noun, if verbs use all the same tense, use capitalization 9/6/2019 EVALUATION CRITERIA - 2070

Some Final Words Communication is the key Text to support the communication Pictures to simplify complex concepts Animations for complex relationships Visuals to support, not to distract Sounds only when absolutely necessary 9/6/2019

NEPAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE In Summary Big Simple Clear Progressive Consistent Rehearse your show several times before presenting it to a live audience. Know when you will move on and have some sense of the time required. Know how to use the computer. Don't be fumbling about trying to figure out how to move from slide to slide. Avoid standing or sitting right behind your computer when you present. If necessary, have an assistant run the computer while you speak. PowerPoint slideshows are intended to accompany and illustrate your own verbal presentation Check equipment: Turn on all equipment and make sure it all works, especially the hand controller. Batteries good? Equipment: What equipment will be used? Computer? Overhead projector? What are its features? Who is responsible for getting it all to the site and set up? Software: What software (and its version number!) will run the presentation? Does it match what you used to create it? If not, does it matter? Media: How will you transport the presentation to the site? Will your presentation fit on the media you plan to use to transport it?  Can the computer that will run the presentation use that type of media?     (floppy disk, zip disk, USB drive, CD, DVD?) Handouts: Who is bringing? How to distribute and when and by whom? 9/6/2019 EVALUATION CRITERIA - 2070

Examples 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector 9/6/2019

Introduction High resolution, full-color projector capable of projecting contents. Video 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Multimedia Projector Basics(contd…) 9/6/2019

Document Management System (DMS) URL http://dms.nasc.org.np 9/6/2019

Thank you 9/6/2019