Tang & Song Achievements p. 170-175

I. Agriculture A. North grow wheat, barley, & other grains B. South grow rice

C. Song dynasty irrigation improvements: 1. underground wells, 2. dragon backbone pump (scoops water into irrigation canals)

D. more land cultivated, farms more productive, fast-ripening rice discovered E. new crops: 1. cotton for clothes & other goods 2. tea production increased

F. Surplus 1. paid taxes 2. traded G. Population grew to nearly 100 million

II. Cities & Trade A. City Life 1. Tang dynasty capital: Chang’an, population over a million 2. many cultures (China, Korea, Persia, Arab, Europe) 3. religious and philosophical center (Buddhist, Daoists, Christian, etc) 4. Song dynasty capital: Kaifeng

B. Trade 1. Trade grew & made China rich 2. Internal trade: along rivers, Grand Canal (started in Sui dynasty & improved during Tang). Brought goods & crops into cities

C .Many goods 1. Exports: tea, rice, spices, jade, silk 2. Imports: foods, plants, wool, glass, gold, silver

D. Overland trade E. During Song, sea trade more important -Developed porcelain F. Strong economy. Merchants important in Song dynasty G. Paper money invented 900’s. Made trade easier & lighter

III. Art & Poetry A. Tang Dynasty – 1. Wu Daozi painted murals 2. LiBo and DuFu wrote poems B. Song Dynasty --Li Zinghzhao female poet C. Clay figures of horses D. Song – made porcelain (glaze called Celadon)

IV. Inventions Paper 1. Invented c. 105. 2. Cheap & easy way to keep records Woodblock printing 1. Carve onto wood & then make multiple copies 2. (made world’s first printed book 868)

C. Gunpowder 1. Mixture of powders used in guns & explosives 2. Originally used in fireworks 3. Then small bombs & rockets 4. Then explosives, firearms, & cannons

D. Compass 1. Uses earth’s magnetic field to show direction 2. Helped navigators travel great distances

Movable type -used to print books Paper Money Made trade lighter more convenient than metal coins Modern Chinese paper money